वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-18, verse-8

तं न देवा न गन्धर्वा न पिशाचा न राक्षसाः ।
मयापकृष्टं कृपणं शक्तास्त्रातुं महाहवे ॥८॥

8. taṃ na devā na gandharvā na piśācā na rākṣasāḥ ,
mayāpakṛṣṭaṃ kṛpaṇaṃ śaktāstrātuṃ mahāhave.

8. tam na devāḥ na gandharvāḥ na piśācāḥ na rākṣasāḥ
mayā apakṛṣṭam kṛpaṇam śaktāḥ trātum mahāhave

8. devāḥ na gandharvāḥ na piśācāḥ na rākṣasāḥ na māsakāḥ
mayā mahāhave apakṛṣṭam kṛpaṇam tam trātum śaktāḥ

8. Neither gods, nor Gandharvas, nor Pisachas, nor Rakshasas will be capable of saving him, who has been brought down and rendered helpless by me in a great battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine singular accusative)

• न (na) - not, nor

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

• न (na) - not, nor

• गन्धर्वाः (gandharvāḥ) - Gandharvas (celestial musicians)

• न (na) - not, nor

• पिशाचाः (piśācāḥ) - Pisachas (demonic beings)

• न (na) - not, nor

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - Rakshasas (demons)

• मया (mayā) - by me

• अपकृष्टम् (apakṛṣṭam) - brought low, pulled down, overpowered

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserable, helpless, pitiful

• शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - capable, able

• त्रातुम् (trātum) - to save, to protect

• महाहवे (mahāhave) - in a great battle

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that (masculine singular accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

गन्धर्वाः (gandharvāḥ) - Gandharvas (celestial musicians)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gandharva

gandharva - Gandharva (a class of celestial beings)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

पिशाचाः (piśācāḥ) - Pisachas (demonic beings)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of piśāca

piśāca - Piśāca (a class of malevolent spirits or demons)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - Rakshasas (demons)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - Rākṣasa (a class of often malevolent beings, demons)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

अपकृष्टम् (apakṛṣṭam) - brought low, pulled down, overpowered

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of apakṛṣṭa

apakṛṣṭa - dragged away, pulled down, inferior, debased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root kṛṣ (to draw, pull) with prefix apa

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - miserable, helpless, pitiful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - miserable, poor, wretched, helpless

Note: Agrees with 'tam'.

शक्ताः (śaktāḥ) - capable, able

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śakta

śakta - able, capable, powerful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root śak (to be able)

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with the subject 'devāḥ, gandharvāḥ, etc.'

त्रातुम् (trātum) - to save, to protect

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of verb root trā

Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Infinitive expresses purpose or capability.

महाहवे (mahāhave) - in a great battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, great war

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+hava)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• hava – battle, war, summons
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hu (class 3)