वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-96, verse-7

तं भूमौ पितुरार्तेन न्यस्तं रामेण वीक्ष्य सा ।
उवाच देवी कौसल्या सर्वा दशरथस्त्रियः ॥७॥

7. taṃ bhūmau piturārtena nyastaṃ rāmeṇa vīkṣya sā ,
uvāca devī kausalyā sarvā daśarathastriyaḥ.

7. tam bhūmau pituḥ ārtena nyastam rāmeṇa vīkṣya
sā uvāca devī kausalyā sarvāḥ daśarathastriyaḥ

7. sā devī kausalyā ārtena rāmeṇa bhūmau nyastam
tam pituḥ vīkṣya sarvāḥ daśarathastriyaḥ uvāca

7. Seeing him, her father, placed on the ground by the distressed Rāma, Queen Kausalyā then spoke to all the wives of Daśaratha.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - King Daśaratha (him, that)

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of King Daśaratha (of the father)

• आर्तेन (ārtena) - by the distressed Rāma (by the distressed, by the suffering)

• न्यस्तम् (nyastam) - placed, laid down

• रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

• वीक्ष्य (vīkṣya) - having seen, after seeing

• सा (sā) - Queen Kausalya (she)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• देवी (devī) - queen, goddess, lady

• कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kausalyā (name)

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• दशरथस्त्रियः (daśarathastriyaḥ) - wives of Daśaratha

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - King Daśaratha (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

पितुः (pituḥ) - of King Daśaratha (of the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

आर्तेन (ārtena) - by the distressed Rāma (by the distressed, by the suffering)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - distressed, afflicted, suffering

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `ṛ` (to go, to move) with prefix `ā`, forming `ārta` (afflicted)

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies Rāma.

न्यस्तम् (nyastam) - placed, laid down

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nyasta

nyasta - placed, put down, thrown

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `as` (to throw, to cast) with prefix `ni`

Prefix: ni

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Qualifies `tam` (Daśaratha).

रामेण (rāmeṇa) - by Rāma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of a king, son of Daśaratha)

वीक्ष्य (vīkṣya) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root `īkṣ` (to see) with prefix `vi`, and suffix `-ya`

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

सा (sā) - Queen Kausalya (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, her, it

Note: Refers to Kausalya.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (liṭ)

Third person singular, perfect tense, active voice, from root `vac`

Root: vac (class 2)

देवी (devī) - queen, goddess, lady

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of devī

devī - goddess, queen, lady

Note: Qualifies Kausalyā.

कौसल्या (kausalyā) - Kausalyā (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kausalyā

kausalyā - Kausalyā (mother of Rāma, chief queen of Daśaratha)

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Qualifies `daśarathastriyaḥ`.

दशरथस्त्रियः (daśarathastriyaḥ) - wives of Daśaratha

(compound)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daśaratha+strī)

• daśaratha – Daśaratha (king's name, father of Rāma)
  proper noun (masculine)
• strī – woman, wife
  noun (feminine)

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