वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-96, verse-4

इदं तेषामनाथानां क्लिष्टमक्लिष्ट कर्मणाम् ।
वने प्राक्केवलं तीर्थं ये ते निर्विषयी कृताः ॥४॥

4. idaṃ teṣāmanāthānāṃ kliṣṭamakliṣṭa karmaṇām ,
vane prākkevalaṃ tīrthaṃ ye te nirviṣayī kṛtāḥ.

4. idam teṣām anāthānām kliṣṭam akliṣṭa karmaṇām
vane prāk kevalam tīrtham ye te nirviṣayī kṛtāḥ

4. idam teṣām anāthānām kliṣṭam akliṣṭa karmaṇām ye te nirviṣayī kṛtāḥ,
prāk vane kevalam tīrtham

4. This [is the plight] of those helpless ones, who are distressed and whose actions (karma) are untainted, those who have been dispossessed, for whom the forest was formerly the only sacred place (tīrtha).

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those

• अनाथानाम् (anāthānām) - of the helpless, unprotected

• क्लिष्टम् (kliṣṭam) - afflicted, troubled, distressed

• अक्लिष्ट (akliṣṭa) - untroubled, unstained, pure

• कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of (their) actions (karma) (of actions, of deeds)

• वने (vane) - in the forest

• प्राक् (prāk) - formerly, previously, eastward

• केवलम् (kevalam) - the only (only, merely, solely)

• तीर्थम् (tīrtham) - sacred place (tīrtha), ford, holy bathing place

• ये (ye) - who (masculine plural)

• ते (te) - those (masculine plural)

• निर्विषयी (nirviṣayī) - devoid of objects, dispossessed

• कृताः (kṛtāḥ) - (who have been) made (made, done)

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

अनाथानाम् (anāthānām) - of the helpless, unprotected

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of anātha

anātha - helpless, unprotected, orphaned

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nātha)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• nātha – lord, protector, refuge
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣām'

क्लिष्टम् (kliṣṭam) - afflicted, troubled, distressed

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kliṣṭa

kliṣṭa - afflicted, distressed, tormented, troubled

Past Passive Participle

From root kliś 'to suffer, torment'

Root: kliś (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'teṣām'

अक्लिष्ट (akliṣṭa) - untroubled, unstained, pure

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of akliṣṭa

akliṣṭa - untroubled, unstained, pure, unblemished

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kliṣṭa)

• a – not, un-, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• kliṣṭa – afflicted, distressed, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kliś 'to suffer, torment'
  Root: kliś (class 4)

Note: Part of a compound 'akliṣṭa karmaṇām'

कर्मणाम् (karmaṇām) - of (their) actions (karma) (of actions, of deeds)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of karman

karman - action (karma), deed, work, ritual

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Forms a compound with 'akliṣṭa' (akliṣṭa karmaṇām - 'whose actions are untainted')

वने (vane) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

प्राक् (prāk) - formerly, previously, eastward

(indeclinable)

केवलम् (kevalam) - the only (only, merely, solely)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kevala

kevala - alone, solitary, mere, only, pure

Note: Agrees with 'tīrtham'

तीर्थम् (tīrtham) - sacred place (tīrtha), ford, holy bathing place

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tīrtha

tīrtha - a sacred place (tīrtha), holy bathing place, ford, sacred knowledge

ये (ye) - who (masculine plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

ते (te) - those (masculine plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

निर्विषयी (nirviṣayī) - devoid of objects, dispossessed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirviṣayin

nirviṣayin - devoid of objects, free from worldly desires, dispossessed

Derived from nirviṣaya

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+viṣaya)

• nir – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• viṣaya – object of sense, sphere, domain, worldly matter, pleasure
  noun (masculine)

Note: Part of a verbal phrase 'nirviṣayī kṛtāḥ'

कृताः (kṛtāḥ) - (who have been) made (made, done)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ 'to do, make'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Part of a verbal phrase 'nirviṣayī kṛtāḥ'

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