वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-93, verse-14

जगत्यां पुरुषव्याघ्र आस्ते वीरासने रतः ।
जनेन्द्रो निर्जनं प्राप्य धिन्मे जन्म सजीवितम् ॥१४॥

14. jagatyāṃ puruṣavyāghra āste vīrāsane rataḥ ,
janendro nirjanaṃ prāpya dhinme janma sajīvitam.

14. jagatyām puruṣavyāghra āste vīrāsane rataḥ
janendraḥ nirjanam prāpya dhik me janma sa-jīvitam

14. puruṣavyāghra janendraḥ jagatyām nirjanam prāpya
vīrāsane rataḥ āste dhik me janma sa-jīvitam

14. O tiger among men, the lord of men, having reached a solitary place, remains seated, absorbed in the heroic posture. Alas for my birth and my life!

Words meanings summery:

• जगत्याम् (jagatyām) - in the world, on earth

• पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men, O foremost man

• आस्ते (āste) - sits, remains

• वीरासने (vīrāsane) - in the heroic posture, in the hero's seat

• रतः (rataḥ) - engrossed, devoted, absorbed

• जनेन्द्रः (janendraḥ) - lord of men, king

• निर्जनम् (nirjanam) - solitary place, desolate, uninhabited

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached, having obtained

• धिक् (dhik) - alas, fie, shame on, woe to

• मे (me) - for me, my

• जन्म (janma) - birth, origin, life

• स-जीवितम् (sa-jīvitam) - along with life, living

Words meanings and morphology

जगत्याम् (jagatyām) - in the world, on earth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, living beings

Present Active Participle (used as noun)

Derived from √gam (to go) with kvip suffix, often seen as a noun referring to the moving world.

Root: gam (class 1)

पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men, O foremost man

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, pre-eminent man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, person, male, supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

आस्ते (āste) - sits, remains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ās

Root: ās (class 2)

वीरासने (vīrāsane) - in the heroic posture, in the hero's seat

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vīrāsana

vīrāsana - hero's seat, a specific meditative posture (āsana)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīra+āsana)

• vīra – hero, brave man
  noun (masculine)
• āsana – seat, sitting, posture
  noun (neuter)
  From √ās (to sit) + lyuṭ suffix.
  Root: ās (class 2)

रतः (rataḥ) - engrossed, devoted, absorbed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - devoted, engaged in, pleased, attached

Past Passive Participle

From √ram (to delight, to be pleased) + kta suffix.

Root: ram (class 1)

जनेन्द्रः (janendraḥ) - lord of men, king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janendra

janendra - lord of men, king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jana+indra)

• jana – man, person, people
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief, the god Indra
  noun (masculine)

निर्जनम् (nirjanam) - solitary place, desolate, uninhabited

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nirjana

nirjana - uninhabited, desolate, solitary place

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nir+jana)

• nir – without, free from, out
  indeclinable
• jana – people, men
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used here as a noun referring to 'a solitary place'.

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having reached, having obtained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from √āp (to obtain) with prefix pra and -ya suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

धिक् (dhik) - alas, fie, shame on, woe to

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - for me, my

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Can also be dative, but here implies 'belonging to me' or 'in relation to me'.

जन्म (janma) - birth, origin, life

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, origin, existence, life

From √jan (to be born) + manin suffix.

Root: jan (class 4)

स-जीवितम् (sa-jīvitam) - along with life, living

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sa-jīvita

sa-jīvita - endowed with life, living, along with life

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+jīvita)

• sa – with, together with, having
  indeclinable
• jīvita – life, living, lived
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (used as noun)
  From √jīv (to live) + kta suffix.
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Functions adjectivally to describe 'janma' (birth) or as part of a compound noun phrase 'birth and life'.

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