वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-93, verse-40

ततः सुमन्त्रेण गुहेन चैव समीयतू राजसुतावरण्ये ।
दिवाकरश्चैव निशाकरश्च यथाम्बरे शुक्रबृहस्पतिभ्याम् ॥४०॥

40. tataḥ sumantreṇa guhena caiva samīyatū rājasutāvaraṇye ,
divākaraścaiva niśākaraśca yathāmbare śukrabṛhaspatibhyām.

40. tataḥ sumantreṇa guhena ca eva samīyatuḥ rājasutau araṇye
divākaraḥ ca eva niśākaraḥ ca yathā ambare śukrabṛhaspatibhyām

40. tataḥ rājasutau sumantreṇa guhena ca eva araṇye samīyatuḥ
yathā ambare divākaraḥ ca eva niśākaraḥ ca śukrabṛhaspatibhyām

40. Then, the two royal sons (Bharata and Shatrughna) met with Sumantra and Guha in the forest, just as the sun and the moon appear together with Venus and Jupiter in the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that

• सुमन्त्रेण (sumantreṇa) - by Sumantra

• गुहेन (guhena) - by Guha

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only

• समीयतुः (samīyatuḥ) - they two met, approached

• राजसुतौ (rājasutau) - Bharata and Shatrughna (the two royal sons, princes)

• अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest

• दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun, day-maker

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only

• निशाकरः (niśākaraḥ) - the moon, night-maker

• च (ca) - and, also

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• अम्बरे (ambare) - in the sky

• शुक्रबृहस्पतिभ्याम् (śukrabṛhaspatibhyām) - with Venus and Jupiter

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, after that

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks temporal sequence.

सुमन्त्रेण (sumantreṇa) - by Sumantra

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sumantra

sumantra - Sumantra (proper name), good counsel

Note: Denotes association ('with Sumantra').

गुहेन (guhena) - by Guha

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of guha

guha - Guha (proper name), cave, secret

Note: Denotes association ('with Guha').

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects Sumantra and Guha.

एव (eva) - indeed, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

समीयतुः (samīyatuḥ) - they two met, approached

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of ī

Perfect tense

3rd person dual, perfect, active voice. From √i (to go) with prefix sam. Reduplicated stem.

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject is 'rājasutau'.

राजसुतौ (rājasutau) - Bharata and Shatrughna (the two royal sons, princes)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of rājasuta

rājasuta - son of a king, prince

Compound of 'rājan' (king) and 'suta' (son).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+suta)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• suta – son, born, produced
  noun (masculine)
  Past passive participle of √sū (to give birth, produce) used as a noun.
  Root: sū (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'samīyatuḥ'.

अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness

Note: Location of the meeting.

दिवाकरः (divākaraḥ) - the sun, day-maker

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of divākara

divākara - sun, day-maker

Compound of 'divā' (by day) and 'kara' (maker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (divā+kara)

• divā – by day, daily
  indeclinable
• kara – maker, doer, causing
  noun (masculine)
  From √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Part of the simile.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

निशाकरः (niśākaraḥ) - the moon, night-maker

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niśākara

niśākara - moon, night-maker

Compound of 'niśā' (night) and 'kara' (maker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+kara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• kara – maker, doer, causing
  noun (masculine)
  From √kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Part of the simile.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the sun and moon.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the simile.

अम्बरे (ambare) - in the sky

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ambara

ambara - sky, atmosphere, clothing

Note: Location in the simile.

शुक्रबृहस्पतिभ्याम् (śukrabṛhaspatibhyām) - with Venus and Jupiter

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of śukrabṛhaspati

śukrabṛhaspati - Venus and Jupiter (names of planets/deities)

Dvandva compound of Śukra (Venus) and Bṛhaspati (Jupiter).

Compound type : dvandva (śukra+bṛhaspati)

• śukra – Venus, bright, white
  proper noun (masculine)
• bṛhaspati – Jupiter (planet), preceptor of the gods
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Denotes association ('with Venus and Jupiter').

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