वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-93, verse-32

अधारयद् यो विविधाश्चित्राः सुमनसस्तदा ।
सो ऽयं जटाभारमिमं सहते राघवः कथम् ॥३२॥

32. adhārayad yo vividhāścitrāḥ sumanasastadā ,
so'yaṃ jaṭābhāramimaṃ sahate rāghavaḥ katham.

32. adhārayat yaḥ vividhāḥ citrāḥ sumanasaḥ tadā
saḥ ayam jaṭābhāram imam sahate rāghavaḥ katham

32. yaḥ tadā vividhāḥ citrāḥ sumanasaḥ adhārayat,
saḥ ayam rāghavaḥ imam jaṭābhāram katham sahate?

32. How does this Rama, who formerly adorned himself with various beautiful flowers, now endure this heavy burden of matted hair?

Words meanings summery:

• अधारयत् (adhārayat) - he wore (adorned himself with) (he wore, he held, he supported)

• यः (yaḥ) - He who (Rama) (who, he who)

• विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various (various, diverse, manifold)

• चित्राः (citrāḥ) - beautiful (wonderful, variegated, bright, beautiful)

• सुमनसः (sumanasaḥ) - flowers (good-hearted, benevolent, flowers)

• तदा (tadā) - formerly, at that time (before exile) (then, at that time)

• सः (saḥ) - that one (Rama) (he, that)

• अयम् (ayam) - this one (Rama) (this, this one)

• जटाभारम् (jaṭābhāram) - this heavy burden of matted hair (burden of matted hair, mass of matted hair)

• इमम् (imam) - this (referring to the jaṭābhāram) (this)

• सहते (sahate) - endures (endures, bears, tolerates)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu, Rama)

• कथम् (katham) - how? (how? why?)

Words meanings and morphology

अधारयत् (adhārayat) - he wore (adorned himself with) (he wore, he held, he supported)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of dhṛ

Causative stem dhārayati, imperfect tense

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Causal formation

यः (yaḥ) - He who (Rama) (who, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Relative pronoun

विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various (various, diverse, manifold)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold, different kinds

Compound of vi (distinct) + vidha (kind)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+vidha)

• vi – apart, asunder, distinct, special
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'sumanasaḥ'

चित्राः (citrāḥ) - beautiful (wonderful, variegated, bright, beautiful)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of citra

citra - bright, clear, variegated, manifold, wonderful, beautiful

Note: Qualifies 'sumanasaḥ'

सुमनसः (sumanasaḥ) - flowers (good-hearted, benevolent, flowers)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sumanas

sumanas - good-minded, benevolent, a flower

Compound of su (good) and manas (mind), used metaphorically for flowers

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+manas)

• su – good, well
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect, heart
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'adhārayat'

तदा (tadā) - formerly, at that time (before exile) (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb

सः (saḥ) - that one (Rama) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun

अयम् (ayam) - this one (Rama) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, used with 'saḥ' for emphasis

जटाभारम् (jaṭābhāram) - this heavy burden of matted hair (burden of matted hair, mass of matted hair)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jaṭābhāra

jaṭābhāra - mass of matted hair, burden of matted hair

Compound of jaṭā (matted hair) and bhāra (burden/mass)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jaṭā+bhāra)

• jaṭā – matted hair, tangled hair
  noun (feminine)
• bhāra – burden, load, mass, weight
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'sahate'

इमम् (imam) - this (referring to the jaṭābhāram) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, qualifies 'jaṭābhāram'

सहते (sahate) - endures (endures, bears, tolerates)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of sah

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Ātmanepada verb

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Rama (descendant of Raghu, Rama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

Derived from Raghu with patronymic suffix

Note: Subject of 'sahate'

कथम् (katham) - how? (how? why?)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used to form a question

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