वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-93, verse-34

चन्दनेन महार्हेण यस्याङ्गमुपसेवितम् ।
मलेन तस्याङ्गमिदं कथमार्यस्य सेव्यते ॥३४॥

34. candanena mahārheṇa yasyāṅgamupasevitam ,
malena tasyāṅgamidaṃ kathamāryasya sevyate.

34. candanena mahārheṇa yasya aṅgam upasevitam
malena tasya aṅgam idam katham āryasya sevyate

34. yasya aṅgam mahārheṇa candanena upasevitam,
tasya āryasya idam aṅgam malena katham sevyate?

34. How can this body of a noble one, which was once anointed with precious sandalwood, now be afflicted by dirt?

Words meanings summery:

• चन्दनेन (candanena) - by sandalwood

• महार्हेण (mahārheṇa) - by the highly valuable, by the precious

• यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

• अङ्गम् (aṅgam) - body, limb, part

• उपसेवितम् (upasevitam) - served, attended, anointed

• मलेन (malena) - by dirt, by impurity

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his, of that

• अङ्गम् (aṅgam) - body, limb, part

• इदम् (idam) - this

• कथम् (katham) - how, why

• आर्यस्य (āryasya) - of the noble one, of the respectable person

• सेव्यते (sevyate) - is afflicted (by dirt) (is served, is attended, is afflicted)

Words meanings and morphology

चन्दनेन (candanena) - by sandalwood

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of candana

candana - sandalwood, a kind of tree, perfume

महार्हेण (mahārheṇa) - by the highly valuable, by the precious

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahārha

mahārha - highly valuable, very costly, precious

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+arha)

• mahat – great, large, mighty, excellent
  adjective (neuter)
• arha – deserving, worthy, valuable, costly
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  From root 'arh' (to deserve)
  Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'candanena'.

यस्य (yasya) - whose, of which

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Refers to the 'āryasya'.

अङ्गम् (aṅgam) - body, limb, part

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aṅga

aṅga - body, limb, part, component

Note: Subject of 'upasevitam'.

उपसेवितम् (upasevitam) - served, attended, anointed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upasevita

upasevita - served, worshipped, frequented, enjoyed, anointed

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'upa' (prefix) + root 'sev' (to serve) + 'kta' (past passive participle suffix).

Prefix: upa

Root: sev (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'aṅgam'.

मलेन (malena) - by dirt, by impurity

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mala

mala - dirt, impurity, filth, defilement

Note: Agent of 'sevyate'.

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the noble person.

अङ्गम् (aṅgam) - body, limb, part

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aṅga

aṅga - body, limb, part, component

Note: Subject of 'sevyate'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Qualifies 'aṅgam'.

कथम् (katham) - how, why

(indeclinable)

आर्यस्य (āryasya) - of the noble one, of the respectable person

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ārya

ārya - noble, respectable, honorable, Aryan

Note: Possessive of 'aṅgam'.

सेव्यते (sevyate) - is afflicted (by dirt) (is served, is attended, is afflicted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of sev

Present Tense, Passive Voice

Root 'sev' (1st class, Ātmanepada) + 'ya' (passive suffix) + 'te' (3rd singular present Ātmanepada ending).

Root: sev (class 1)

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