वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-93, verse-36

इत्येवं विलपन्दीनः प्रस्विन्नमुखपङ्कजः ।
पादावप्राप्य रामस्य पपात भरतो रुदन् ॥३६॥

36. ityevaṃ vilapandīnaḥ prasvinnamukhapaṅkajaḥ ,
pādāvaprāpya rāmasya papāta bharato rudan.

36. iti evam vilapan dīnaḥ prasvinna mukha paṅkajaḥ
pādau aprāpya rāmasya papāta bharataḥ rudan

36. iti evam vilapan,
dīnaḥ,
prasvinna-mukha-paṅkajaḥ,
rudan,
bharataḥ rāmasya pādau aprāpya papāta.

36. Thus lamenting, distressed and with his lotus-like face drenched in sweat, Bharata fell down weeping, without being able to reach Rāma's feet.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way

• विलपन् (vilapan) - lamenting, weeping

• दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed, miserable, wretched

• प्रस्विन्न (prasvinna) - covered in sweat, perspired

• मुख (mukha) - face, mouth

• पङ्कजः (paṅkajaḥ) - lotus (born in mud)

• पादौ (pādau) - feet (dual)

• अप्राप्य (aprāpya) - without reaching, unable to obtain

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• पपात (papāta) - fell down

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

• रुदन् (rudan) - weeping, crying

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way

(indeclinable)

विलपन् (vilapan) - lamenting, weeping

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vilapat

vilapat - lamenting, wailing, crying

Present Active Participle

Formed from 'vi' (prefix) + root 'lap' (to lament) + 'śatṛ' (present active participle suffix).

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'bharataḥ'.

दीनः (dīnaḥ) - distressed, miserable, wretched

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - distressed, sad, wretched, poor, miserable

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'dī' (to be exhausted, sad) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: dī (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'bharataḥ'.

प्रस्विन्न (prasvinna) - covered in sweat, perspired

(adjective)

masculine, singular of prasvinna

prasvinna - perspired, covered with sweat, wet

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'pra' (prefix) + root 'svid' (to sweat) + 'kta' suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: svid (class 4)

मुख (mukha) - face, mouth

(noun)

neuter, singular of mukha

mukha - mouth, face, front, principal part

पङ्कजः (paṅkajaḥ) - lotus (born in mud)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paṅkaja

paṅkaja - lotus (literally "mud-born")

Compound. 'paṅka' (mud) + 'ja' (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (paṅka+ja)

• paṅka – mud, mire, dirt
  noun (masculine/neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  From root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Metaphorically refers to the face.

पादौ (pādau) - feet (dual)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter, ray

Note: Object of 'aprāpya'.

अप्राप्य (aprāpya) - without reaching, unable to obtain

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund) with 'na' (a) prefix.

Formed from 'a' (negative prefix) + 'pra' (prefix) + root 'āp' (to obtain) + 'lyap' (absolutive suffix for prefixed verbs).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies the action of falling.

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (a proper name)

पपात (papāta) - fell down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pat

Perfect Tense, Active Voice (Lit)

Reduplicated perfect form of root 'pat' (1st class, Parasmaipada).

Root: pat (class 1)

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (a proper name), supporter, bearer

रुदन् (rudan) - weeping, crying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rudat

rudat - weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Formed from root 'rud' (to weep) + 'śatṛ' (present active participle suffix).

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Describes Bharata's state while falling.

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