वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-93, verse-41

तान्पार्थिवान् वारणयूथपाभान् समागतांस्तत्र महत्यरण्ये ।
वनौकसस्ते ऽपि समीक्ष्य सर्वे ऽप्यश्रूण्यमुञ्चन्प्रविहाय हर्षम् ॥४१॥

41. tānpārthivān vāraṇayūthapābhān samāgatāṃstatra mahatyaraṇye ,
vanaukasaste'pi samīkṣya sarve'pyaśrūṇyamuñcanpravihāya harṣam.

41. tān pārthivān vāraṇayūthapābhān
samāgatān tatra mahati araṇye
vanaukasaḥ te api samīkṣya sarve
api aśrūṇi amuñcan pravihāya harṣam

41. tatra mahati araṇye vāraṇayūthapābhān
tān samāgatān pārthivān
samīkṣya te sarve api vanaukasaḥ
harṣam pravihāya aśrūṇi amuñcan

41. And all the forest-dwellers (vanaukasaḥ), seeing those assembled princes (pārthivān)—who resembled chiefs of elephant herds—in that great forest, also abandoned their joy and shed tears.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - those (princes/kings) (those)

• पार्थिवान् (pārthivān) - kings, princes

• वारणयूथपाभान् (vāraṇayūthapābhān) - resembling chiefs of elephant herds

• समागतान् (samāgatān) - assembled, gathered

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• महति (mahati) - great, large

• अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest

• वनौकसः (vanaukasaḥ) - forest-dwellers

• ते (te) - they (the forest-dwellers) (they)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (the forest-dwellers) (all, entire)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• अश्रूणि (aśrūṇi) - tears

• अमुञ्चन् (amuñcan) - they shed, they released

• प्रविहाय (pravihāya) - having abandoned, having given up

• हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy, delight

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - those (princes/kings) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Masculine accusative plural form of 'tad'.

Note: Object of 'samīkṣya'.

पार्थिवान् (pārthivān) - kings, princes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, royal, king, prince

From 'pṛthivī' (earth) + 'aṇ' suffix, meaning 'related to earth' or 'ruler of earth'.

Note: Qualifies 'tān', referring to Rama and his brothers.

वारणयूथपाभान् (vāraṇayūthapābhān) - resembling chiefs of elephant herds

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vāraṇayūthapābha

vāraṇayūthapābha - resembling elephant herd chiefs

Compound of 'vāraṇa' (elephant), 'yūthapa' (chief of a herd), and 'ābha' (resembling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāraṇa+yūthapa+ābha)

• vāraṇa – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• yūthapa – chief of a herd, leader
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'yūtha' (herd) and 'pa' (protector/leader).
• ābha – resembling, like, shining
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Describes the princes.

समागतान् (samāgatān) - assembled, gathered

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samāgata

samāgata - come together, assembled, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From √gam (to go) with prefixes sam and ā.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pārthivān'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Locative adverb.

Note: Specifies location.

महति (mahati) - great, large

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, important

Locative singular neuter form of 'mahat'.

Note: Qualifies 'araṇye'.

अरण्ये (araṇye) - in the forest

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of araṇya

araṇya - forest, wilderness

Note: Location of the assembled princes.

वनौकसः (vanaukasaḥ) - forest-dwellers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vanaukas

vanaukas - forest-dweller, hermit

Compound of 'vana' (forest) and 'okas' (dwelling).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+okas)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• okas – dwelling, abode, home
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'amuñcan'.

ते (te) - they (the forest-dwellers) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

Nominative plural masculine form of 'tad'.

Note: Refers to 'vanaukasaḥ'.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic/additive particle.

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From √īkṣ (to see) with prefix sam. Used in compound form (lyap).

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Describes an action preceding 'amuñcan'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (the forest-dwellers) (all, entire)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Nominative plural masculine form of 'sarva'.

Note: Qualifies 'vanaukasaḥ' and 'te'.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic/additive particle.

अश्रूणि (aśrūṇi) - tears

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of aśru

aśru - tear, tears

Neuter U-stem noun.

Note: Object of 'amuñcan'.

अमुञ्चन् (amuñcan) - they shed, they released

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of muc

Imperfect tense

3rd person plural, imperfect, active voice. The 'a-' is the augment for past tense.

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Main verb of the sentence. Subject is 'vanaukasaḥ'.

प्रविहाय (pravihāya) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From √hā (to abandon) with prefixes pra and vi. Used in compound form (lyap).

Prefixes: pra+vi

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Describes an action preceding 'amuñcan'.

हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy, delight

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, excitement

From √hṛṣ (to rejoice).

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'pravihāya'.

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