वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-77, verse-5

शतं सहस्राण्यश्वानां समारूढानि राघवम् ।
अन्वयुर्भरतं यान्तं राजपुत्रं यशस्विनम् ॥५॥

5. śataṃ sahasrāṇyaśvānāṃ samārūḍhāni rāghavam ,
anvayurbharataṃ yāntaṃ rājaputraṃ yaśasvinam.

5. śatam sahasrāṇi aśvānām samārūḍhāni rāghavam
anvayuḥ bharatam yāntam rāja-putram yaśasvinam

5. śatam sahasrāṇi aśvānām samārūḍhāni rāghavam
yāntam yaśasvinam rāja-putram bharatam anvayuḥ

5. A hundred thousand mounted horses followed Bharata, the glorious prince, as he went towards Rāghava.

Words meanings summery:

• शतम् (śatam) - a hundred, one hundred

• सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

• अश्वानाम् (aśvānām) - of horses

• समारूढानि (samārūḍhāni) - mounted, ascended, ridden

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rāma (to Rāghava, son of Raghu)

• अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they followed

• भरतम् (bharatam) - Bharata

• यान्तम् (yāntam) - going, proceeding

• राज-पुत्रम् (rāja-putram) - prince, son of a king

• यशस्विनम् (yaśasvinam) - glorious, renowned, famous

Words meanings and morphology

शतम् (śatam) - a hundred, one hundred

(numeral)

Note: Acts as a collective noun here.

सहस्राणि (sahasrāṇi) - thousands

(numeral)

अश्वानाम् (aśvānām) - of horses

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

समारूढानि (samārūḍhāni) - mounted, ascended, ridden

(adjective)

neuter, plural of samārūḍha

samārūḍha - mounted, ascended, ridden

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb root ruh (to ascend, mount) with prefixes sam and ā

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śatam sahasrāṇi' (a hundred thousand).

राघवम् (rāghavam) - Rāma (to Rāghava, son of Raghu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu; Rāma

A patronymic derived from Raghu

Note: Object of motion, "towards Rāghava (Rāma)".

अन्वयुः (anvayuḥ) - they followed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (luṅ) of anu-i

Prefix: anu

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Formed from 'anu' + root 'i' (to go). 'anvayuḥ' is 3rd plural aorist.

भरतम् (bharatam) - Bharata

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name); supporter; bearing

Note: Direct object of "followed".

यान्तम् (yāntam) - going, proceeding

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yāt

yāt - going, moving

Present Active Participle

Derived from root yā (to go)

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'bharatam'.

राज-पुत्रम् (rāja-putram) - prince, son of a king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāja-putra

rāja-putra - prince, king's son

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+putra)

• rājan – king, monarch
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'bharatam'.

यशस्विनम् (yaśasvinam) - glorious, renowned, famous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yaśasvin

yaśasvin - glorious, renowned, famous

Derived from yaśas (glory) with the possessive suffix -vin

Note: Agrees with 'bharatam'.