वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-77, verse-19

निरीक्ष्यानुगतां सेनां तां च गङ्गां शिवोदकाम् ।
भरतः सचिवान् सर्वानब्रवीद्वाक्यकोविदः ॥१९॥

19. nirīkṣyānugatāṃ senāṃ tāṃ ca gaṅgāṃ śivodakām ,
bharataḥ sacivān sarvānabravīdvākyakovidaḥ.

19. nirīkṣya anugatām senām tām ca gaṅgām śivodakām
bharataḥ sacivān sarvān abravīt vākyakovidaḥ

19. vākyakovidaḥ bharataḥ anugatām senām tām ca
śivodakām gaṅgām nirīkṣya sarvān sacivān abravīt

19. Having observed the accompanying army and the Ganga river with its auspicious waters, Bharata, skilled in eloquence, addressed all his ministers.

Words meanings summery:

• निरीक्ष्य (nirīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

• अनुगताम् (anugatām) - the army that had followed (followed, accompanying)

• सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

• ताम् (tām) - that (feminine)

• च (ca) - and

• गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - Ganga (river)

• शिवोदकाम् (śivodakām) - having auspicious waters

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

• सचिवान् (sacivān) - ministers, counselors

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• वाक्यकोविदः (vākyakovidaḥ) - skilled in speech, eloquent

Words meanings and morphology

निरीक्ष्य (nirīkṣya) - having seen, having observed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From prefix 'nir' and √īkṣ with suffix -ya.

Prefix: nir

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adverbial participle.

अनुगताम् (anugatām) - the army that had followed (followed, accompanying)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of anugata

anugata - followed, accompanied, gone after

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'anu' and √gam (to go) with suffix -ta.

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, military force, weapon

Note: Object of 'nirīkṣya'.

ताम् (tām) - that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to 'gaṅgām'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'senām' and 'gaṅgām'.

गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - Ganga (river)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - The river Ganges

Note: Object of 'nirīkṣya'.

शिवोदकाम् (śivodakām) - having auspicious waters

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śivodaka

śivodaka - having auspicious or pure water

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śiva+udaka)

• śiva – auspicious, propitious, benevolent, Shiva
  adjective (masculine)
• udaka – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'gaṅgām'.

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (proper name, son of Daśaratha and Kaikeyī)

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'abravīt'.

सचिवान् (sacivān) - ministers, counselors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saciva

saciva - companion, associate, minister, counselor

Note: Object of 'abravīt'.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Qualifies 'sacivān'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √brū

Imperfect form.

Root: brū (class 2)

वाक्यकोविदः (vākyakovidaḥ) - skilled in speech, eloquent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vākyakovida

vākyakovida - skilled in speech, eloquent, expert in expression

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vākya+kovida)

• vākya – speech, word, sentence, declaration
  noun (neuter)
  From √vac (to speak) with suffix -ya.
  Root: vac (class 2)
• kovida – skilled, expert, knowing
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'ku' (earth) + √vid (to know) or √vid (to find), hence 'knowing the earth' or 'knowing things well'.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'bharataḥ'.