वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-77, verse-1

ततः समुत्थितः काल्यमास्थाय स्यन्दनोत्तमम् ।
प्रययौ भरतः शीघ्रं रामदर्शनकाङ्क्षया ॥१॥

1. tataḥ samutthitaḥ kālyamāsthāya syandanottamam ,
prayayau bharataḥ śīghraṃ rāmadarśanakāṅkṣayā.

1. tataḥ samutthitaḥ kālyam āsthāya syandanottamam
prayayau bharataḥ śīghram rāmadarśanakāṅkṣayā

1. tataḥ bharataḥ samutthitaḥ kālyam syandanottamam
āsthāya śīghram rāmadarśanakāṅkṣayā prayayau

1. Then, having risen early in the morning, Bharata quickly set out, mounting his excellent chariot, driven by his strong desire to see Rama.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (referring to previous events) (thence, thereupon, then, from that)

• समुत्थितः (samutthitaḥ) - having risen (from sleep or a sitting position) (risen, stood up, arisen, originated)

• काल्यम् (kālyam) - early in the morning (adverbial use) (early, at dawn, relating to morning)

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted (the chariot) (having mounted, having taken, having resorted to)

• स्यन्दनोत्तमम् (syandanottamam) - his excellent chariot (excellent chariot)

• प्रययौ (prayayau) - Bharata proceeded (he went, he proceeded)

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata, Rama's brother (Bharata (proper noun))

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

• रामदर्शनकाङ्क्षया (rāmadarśanakāṅkṣayā) - driven by his desire to see Rama (with the desire to see Rama)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (referring to previous events) (thence, thereupon, then, from that)

(indeclinable)

समुत्थितः (samutthitaḥ) - having risen (from sleep or a sitting position) (risen, stood up, arisen, originated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samutthita

samutthita - risen, stood up, emerged, produced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √sthā (to stand) with prefixes sam- and ut-.

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Bharata (the implied subject).

काल्यम् (kālyam) - early in the morning (adverbial use) (early, at dawn, relating to morning)

(indeclinable)

Derived from kāla (time).

Note: Adverbial accusative.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted (the chariot) (having mounted, having taken, having resorted to)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from √sthā (to stand) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

स्यन्दनोत्तमम् (syandanottamam) - his excellent chariot (excellent chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of syandanottama

syandanottama - best chariot, excellent chariot

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (syandana+uttama)

• syandana – chariot, flowing
  noun (masculine)
  From √syand (to flow).
  Root: syand (class 1)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Object of 'āsthāya'.

प्रययौ (prayayau) - Bharata proceeded (he went, he proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of √i

Perfect Active

Perfect tense 3rd person singular form of √i with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: i (class 2)

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata, Rama's brother (Bharata (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name), supporter, bearer

Note: Subject of the sentence.

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'prayayau'.

रामदर्शनकाङ्क्षया (rāmadarśanakāṅkṣayā) - driven by his desire to see Rama (with the desire to see Rama)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of rāmadarśanakāṅkṣā

rāmadarśanakāṅkṣā - desire to see Rama

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (rāma+darśana+kāṅkṣā)

• rāma – Rama (name of a deity/prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• darśana – seeing, vision, sight, philosophy
  noun (neuter)
  From √dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• kāṅkṣā – desire, longing, wish
  noun (feminine)
  From √kāṅkṣ (to desire).
  Root: kāṅkṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the cause or means.