वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-71, verse-22

त्रीणि द्वन्द्वानि भूतेषु प्रवृत्तान्यविशेषतः ।
तेषु चापरिहार्येषु नैवं भवितुमर्हति ॥२२॥

22. trīṇi dvandvāni bhūteṣu pravṛttānyaviśeṣataḥ ,
teṣu cāparihāryeṣu naivaṃ bhavitumarhati.

22. trīṇi dvandvāni bhūteṣu pravṛttāni aviśeṣataḥ
teṣu ca aparihāryeṣu na evam bhavitum arhati

22. trīṇi dvandvāni aviśeṣataḥ bhūteṣu pravṛttāni
ca teṣu aparihāryeṣu na evam bhavitum arhati

22. Three pairs of opposites (dualities) are universally active among all beings without distinction. When these are unavoidable, it is not proper for one to be (or behave) in this manner.

Words meanings summery:

• त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three

• द्वन्द्वानि (dvandvāni) - pairs of opposites (like joy and sorrow, life and death) (pairs, dualities, opposites)

• भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among all living beings (among beings, in creatures, in elements)

• प्रवृत्तानि (pravṛttāni) - active, prevalent, functioning (active, begun, existing, prevalent)

• अविशेषतः (aviśeṣataḥ) - universally, without exception (indiscriminately, without distinction, universally)

• तेषु (teṣu) - among those (dualities) (among those, in those)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपरिहार्येषु (aparihāryeṣu) - unavoidable (unavoidable, irresistible, not to be abandoned)

• न (na) - not

• एवम् (evam) - in this (grief-stricken) manner (thus, in this manner)

• भवितुम् (bhavitum) - to be (to be, to become, to happen)

• अर्हति (arhati) - ought, is proper (deserves, ought, is able, is proper)

Words meanings and morphology

त्रीणि (trīṇi) - three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with dvandvāni.

द्वन्द्वानि (dvandvāni) - pairs of opposites (like joy and sorrow, life and death) (pairs, dualities, opposites)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of dvandva

dvandva - pair, couple, duality, pair of opposites, dilemma

भूतेषु (bhūteṣu) - among all living beings (among beings, in creatures, in elements)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past, existent

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

प्रवृत्तानि (pravṛttāni) - active, prevalent, functioning (active, begun, existing, prevalent)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - begun, set in motion, active, engaged in, existing, prevalent

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with dvandvāni.

अविशेषतः (aviśeṣataḥ) - universally, without exception (indiscriminately, without distinction, universally)

(indeclinable)

Suffixed -tas to aviśeṣa

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+viśeṣa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• viśeṣa – distinction, difference, particularity
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)

तेषु (teṣu) - among those (dualities) (among those, in those)

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to dvandvāni.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपरिहार्येषु (aparihāryeṣu) - unavoidable (unavoidable, irresistible, not to be abandoned)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of aparihārya

aparihārya - unavoidable, not to be shunned or given up

Gerundive

Derived from root hṛ with upasargas pari + ā, prefixed with a- (negation)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+parihārya)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• parihārya – to be avoided, to be shunned
  adjective
  Gerundive
  Derived from root hṛ with upasargas pari + ā
  Prefixes: pari+ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with teṣu (referring to dvandvāni).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - in this (grief-stricken) manner (thus, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

भवितुम् (bhavitum) - to be (to be, to become, to happen)

(verb)

infinitive of bhū

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

अर्हति (arhati) - ought, is proper (deserves, ought, is able, is proper)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense

3rd person singular Present active

Root: arh (class 1)

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