वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-45, verse-18

सिद्धार्थाः पितरं वृत्तं तस्मिन् काले ह्युपस्थिते ।
प्रेतकार्येषु सर्वेषु संस्करिष्यन्ति भूमिपम् ॥१८॥

18. siddhārthāḥ pitaraṃ vṛttaṃ tasmin kāle hyupasthite ,
pretakāryeṣu sarveṣu saṃskariṣyanti bhūmipam.

18. siddhārthāḥ pitaram vṛttam tasmin kāle hi upasthite
pretakāryeṣu sarveṣu saṃskariṣyanti bhūmipam

18. hi tasmin kāle upasthite siddhārthāḥ sarveṣu
pretakāryeṣu vṛttam pitaram bhūmipam saṃskariṣyanti

18. When that time indeed arrives, they, having achieved their purpose, will perform all the funeral rites (saṃskāra) for the dead father, the king.

Words meanings summery:

• सिद्धार्थाः (siddhārthāḥ) - those whose purpose is accomplished, successful, fulfilled in purpose

• पितरम् (pitaram) - father (accusative)

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - dead, deceased, departed

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (locative)

• काले (kāle) - in the time

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• उपस्थिते (upasthite) - being present, having arrived

• प्रेतकार्येषु (pretakāryeṣu) - in funeral rites, in rites for the dead

• सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all

• संस्करिष्यन्ति (saṁskariṣyanti) - they will perform funeral rites (saṃskāra) for (they will perform rites for, they will honor, they will consecrate)

• भूमिपम् (bhūmipam) - the king, protector of the earth

Words meanings and morphology

सिद्धार्थाः (siddhārthāḥ) - those whose purpose is accomplished, successful, fulfilled in purpose

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of siddhārtha

siddhārtha - having achieved one's object, successful, fulfilled in purpose

Compound of siddha (achieved, fulfilled) + artha (purpose, object)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (siddha+artha)

• siddha – accomplished, achieved, perfect
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From sidh (to succeed)
  Root: sidh (class 4)
• artha – purpose, object, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to "they" (the sons of Daśaratha).

पितरम् (pitaram) - father (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Object of "saṃskariṣyanti".

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - dead, deceased, departed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - happened, occurred, dead, departed; existence, conduct

Past Passive Participle

From vṛt (to be, exist, happen)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "pitaram".

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (locative)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

काले (kāle) - in the time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

Note: Refers to "that time".

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

उपस्थिते (upasthite) - being present, having arrived

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, arrived, at hand, standing near

Past Passive Participle

From upa-sthā (to stand near, be present)

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "kāle". Used in locative absolute construction.

प्रेतकार्येषु (pretakāryeṣu) - in funeral rites, in rites for the dead

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of pretakārya

pretakārya - funeral rites, obsequies, rites for the dead

Compound of preta (departed spirit, ghost) + kārya (work, duty, ceremony)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (preta+kārya)

• preta – departed, dead, ghost, spirit of the dead
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pra-i (to go forth, die)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: i (class 2)
• kārya – work, action, duty, ritual
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From kṛ (to do), suffix -ya
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to the context of performing these rites.

सर्वेषु (sarveṣu) - in all

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies "pretakāryeṣu".

संस्करिष्यन्ति (saṁskariṣyanti) - they will perform funeral rites (saṃskāra) for (they will perform rites for, they will honor, they will consecrate)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, future (lṛṭ) of kṛ

Future Tense, 3rd Person, Plural

sam (prefix) + root kṛ + future suffix -iṣya + anti

Prefix: sam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

भूमिपम् (bhūmipam) - the king, protector of the earth

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhūmipa

bhūmipa - king, ruler, lord of the earth

Compound of bhūmi (earth) + pa (protector, guardian)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūmi+pa)

• bhūmi – earth, land, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pa – protector, guardian, drinker
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect or to drink)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Object of "saṃskariṣyanti".

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