वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-45, verse-11

यो मन्त्र तपसा लब्धो विविधैश्च परिश्रमैः ।
एको दशरथस्यैष पुत्रः सदृशलक्षणः ॥११॥

11. yo mantra tapasā labdho vividhaiśca pariśramaiḥ ,
eko daśarathasyaiṣa putraḥ sadṛśalakṣaṇaḥ.

11. yaḥ mantra tapasā labdhaḥ vividhaiḥ ca pariśramaiḥ
ekaḥ daśarathasya eṣaḥ putraḥ sadṛśalakṣaṇaḥ

11. yaḥ eṣaḥ ekaḥ putraḥ daśarathasya mantra tapasā
ca vividhaiḥ pariśramaiḥ labdhaḥ sadṛśalakṣaṇaḥ

11. This one son of Dasharatha, who was obtained through sacred incantations (mantra), ascetic practice (tapas), and various arduous efforts, possesses auspicious characteristics.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to the son) (who, which (masculine singular nominative))

• मन्त्र (mantra) - sacred utterance, incantation, formula, hymn

• तपसा (tapasā) - by penance, by ascetic practice, by austerity

• लब्धः (labdhaḥ) - obtained, acquired, gained

• विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various, by diverse, by manifold

• च (ca) - and, also

• परिश्रमैः (pariśramaiḥ) - by exertions, by efforts, by toils

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, single, alone, unique

• दशरथस्य (daśarathasya) - of Dasharatha

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son, child

• सदृशलक्षणः (sadṛśalakṣaṇaḥ) - possessing auspicious marks, having similar characteristics, well-marked

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to the son) (who, which (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

मन्त्र (mantra) - sacred utterance, incantation, formula, hymn

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mantra

mantra - sacred utterance, incantation, formula, hymn, counsel

From root man (to think) with suffix -tra

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Implied instrumental or part of a compound sense 'by mantra and tapasā'.

तपसा (tapasā) - by penance, by ascetic practice, by austerity

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, ascetic practice, austerity, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

लब्धः (labdhaḥ) - obtained, acquired, gained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of labdha

labdha - obtained, acquired, gained

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root labh with suffix -kta

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various, by diverse, by manifold

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold, of many kinds

Note: Agrees with 'pariśramaiḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

परिश्रमैः (pariśramaiḥ) - by exertions, by efforts, by toils

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pariśrama

pariśrama - exertion, effort, fatigue, toil

From root śram (to be weary) with prefix pari- and suffix -a

Prefix: pari

Root: śram (class 4)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, single, alone, unique

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique, chief

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

दशरथस्य (daśarathasya) - of Dasharatha

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Dasharatha (proper name, king of Ayodhya)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Note: Refers to the son being discussed.

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son, child

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

सदृशलक्षणः (sadṛśalakṣaṇaḥ) - possessing auspicious marks, having similar characteristics, well-marked

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sadṛśalakṣaṇa

sadṛśalakṣaṇa - possessing auspicious marks, having similar characteristics, well-marked

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sadṛśa+lakṣaṇa)

• sadṛśa – similar, like, resembling
  adjective
  From prefix sa- (with) and dṛś (to see)
  Prefix: sa
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• lakṣaṇa – mark, characteristic, sign, attribute, auspicious mark
  noun (neuter)
  Formed from root lakṣ with suffix -ana
  Root: lakṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'putraḥ'.

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