वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-45, verse-1

तं जाग्रतमदम्भेन भ्रातुरर्थाय लक्ष्मणम् ।
गुहः संतापसंतप्तो राघवं वाक्यमब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. taṃ jāgratamadambhena bhrāturarthāya lakṣmaṇam ,
guhaḥ saṃtāpasaṃtapto rāghavaṃ vākyamabravīt.

1. tam jāgratam adambhena bhrātuḥ arthāya lakṣmaṇam
guhaḥ saṃtāpasaṃtaptaḥ rāghavam vākyam abravīt

1. guhaḥ saṃtāpasaṃtaptaḥ tam jāgratam adambhena
bhrātuḥ arthāya lakṣmaṇam rāghavam vākyam abravīt

1. Guha, deeply afflicted by sorrow, addressed words concerning Rama to Lakṣmaṇa, who was awake and sincerely dedicated to his brother's cause.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him

• जाग्रतम् (jāgratam) - who was awake, vigilant

• अदम्भेन (adambhena) - sincerely, without pretense

• भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of his (Lakṣmaṇa's) brother (Rama) (of the brother)

• अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the sake of, for the purpose of

• लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - Lakṣmaṇa

• गुहः (guhaḥ) - Guha, the chief of the Niṣādas (Guha)

• संतापसंतप्तः (saṁtāpasaṁtaptaḥ) - deeply afflicted by sorrow, distressed

• राघवम् (rāghavam) - words concerning Rama (concerning Rama, to Rama)

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

जाग्रतम् (jāgratam) - who was awake, vigilant

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jāgrat

jāgrat - awake, vigilant

Present Active Participle

Derived from √jāgṛ 'to be awake'

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

अदम्भेन (adambhena) - sincerely, without pretense

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adambha

adambha - sincerity, absence of hypocrisy (as noun); without hypocrisy (as adjective)

Noun form, used adverbially in instrumental case.

भ्रातुः (bhrātuḥ) - of his (Lakṣmaṇa's) brother (Rama) (of the brother)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

अर्थाय (arthāya) - for the sake of, for the purpose of

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - purpose, meaning, wealth, sake

लक्ष्मणम् (lakṣmaṇam) - Lakṣmaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakṣmaṇa (name of Rama's brother)

गुहः (guhaḥ) - Guha, the chief of the Niṣādas (Guha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guha

guha - Guha, a hidden place, cave

संतापसंतप्तः (saṁtāpasaṁtaptaḥ) - deeply afflicted by sorrow, distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃtāpasaṃtapta

saṁtāpasaṁtapta - severely distressed by sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃtāpa+saṃtapta)

• saṃtāpa – intense heat, distress, suffering
  noun (masculine)
• saṃtapta – heated, distressed, afflicted
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √tap 'to heat, suffer' with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

राघवम् (rāghavam) - words concerning Rama (concerning Rama, to Rama)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, Rama

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - words, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abravīt

Imperfect 3rd person singular of √brū 'to speak'

Root: brū (class 2)

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