वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-38, verse-17

साहं गौरिव सिंहेन विवत्सा वत्सला कृता ।
कैकेय्या पुरुषव्याघ्र बालवत्सेव गौर्बलात् ॥१७॥

17. sāhaṃ gauriva siṃhena vivatsā vatsalā kṛtā ,
kaikeyyā puruṣavyāghra bālavatseva gaurbalāt.

17. sā aham gauḥ iva siṃhena vivatsā vatsalā kṛtā
kaikeyā puruṣavyāghra bālavatsā iva gauḥ balāt

17. puruṣavyāghra,
sā aham vatsalā (satī) vivatsā kṛtā (asmi) kaikeyā balāt (yathā) siṃhena bālavatsā gauḥ iva (kriyate)

17. O tiger among men (puruṣavyāghra), I, who am so fond of my child (vatsalā), have been made bereft of my calf (vivatsā) by Kaikeyi, just like a cow (gauḥ) with a young calf is forcibly (balāt) deprived of its offspring by a lion (siṃhena).

Words meanings summery:

• सा (sā) - that I (referring to Kausalya) (that (feminine demonstrative pronoun))

• अहम् (aham) - I

• गौः (gauḥ) - a cow

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• सिंहेन (siṁhena) - metaphorically refers to Kaikeyi who is causing Kausalya's suffering (by a lion)

• विवत्सा (vivatsā) - bereft of her son Rama (bereft of her calf, having lost her calf)

• वत्सला (vatsalā) - fond of her son Rama (affectionate, fond, loving (especially towards offspring))

• कृता (kṛtā) - made (bereft of her calf) (made, rendered, done)

• कैकेया (kaikeyā) - by Kaikeyi

• पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men, O foremost of men

• बालवत्सा (bālavatsā) - a cow with a young calf

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• गौः (gauḥ) - a cow

• बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - that I (referring to Kausalya) (that (feminine demonstrative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to Kausalya

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I, ego

गौः (gauḥ) - a cow

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, bull, ox; earth, heaven, ray of light

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

सिंहेन (siṁhena) - metaphorically refers to Kaikeyi who is causing Kausalya's suffering (by a lion)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of siṃha

siṁha - lion

Note: Kaikeyi is compared to a lion

विवत्सा (vivatsā) - bereft of her son Rama (bereft of her calf, having lost her calf)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vivatsā

vivatsā - bereft of its calf/young

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+vatsa)

• vi – without, apart, away
  indeclinable
• vatsa – calf, child, darling
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'aham' (Kausalya)

वत्सला (vatsalā) - fond of her son Rama (affectionate, fond, loving (especially towards offspring))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vatsalā

vatsalā - fond, affectionate, loving, especially towards children or calves

Note: Modifies 'aham' (Kausalya)

कृता (kṛtā) - made (bereft of her calf) (made, rendered, done)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Main verb of the clause; 'I have been made...'

कैकेया (kaikeyā) - by Kaikeyi

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kaikeyī

kaikeyī - Kaikeyi (proper noun, one of Dasaratha's wives)

Note: Agent of the action 'kṛtā'.

पुरुषव्याघ्र (puruṣavyāghra) - O tiger among men, O foremost of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣavyāghra

puruṣavyāghra - tiger among men, foremost of men, excellent man

Compound type : tatpurusha (puruṣa+vyāghra)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Rama

बालवत्सा (bālavatsā) - a cow with a young calf

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bālavatsā

bālavatsā - having a young calf (feminine)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bāla+vatsa)

• bāla – young, child, infant
  noun (masculine)
• vatsa – calf, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'gauḥ'

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

गौः (gauḥ) - a cow

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, bull, ox; earth, heaven, ray of light

बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcibly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use of ablative