वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-28, verse-1

अथ तस्याप्रमेयस्य तद्वनं परिपृच्छतः ।
विश्वामित्रो महातेजा व्याख्यातुमुपचक्रमे ॥१॥

1. atha tasyāprameyasya tadvanaṃ paripṛcchataḥ ,
viśvāmitro mahātejā vyākhyātumupacakrame.

1. atha tasya aprameyasya tat vanam paripṛcchataḥ
| viśvāmitraḥ mahātejāḥ vyākhyātum upacakrame

1. atha viśvāmitraḥ mahātejāḥ tasyāprameyasya
tat vanam paripṛcchataḥ vyākhyātum upacakrame

1. Then, Viśvāmitra, the greatly resplendent one, began to explain to him (Rāma) who was thus inquiring about that immeasurable forest.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

• तस्य (tasya) - to him (of him, of that)

• अप्रमेयस्य (aprameyasya) - immeasurable (immeasurable, inscrutable, boundless)

• तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

• वनम् (vanam) - forest (forest, wood, grove)

• परिपृच्छतः (paripṛcchataḥ) - who was inquiring (inquiring, questioning, asking around)

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra (proper name))

• महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - greatly resplendent one (greatly resplendent, mighty, glorious)

• व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain (to explain, to describe)

• उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - began (he began, he commenced)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - to him (of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rāma, here interpreted with a dative sense in context with 'inquiring'.

अप्रमेयस्य (aprameyasya) - immeasurable (immeasurable, inscrutable, boundless)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of aprameya

aprameya - immeasurable, incomprehensible, boundless, inscrutable

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle (secondary meaning as adjective)

From a (not) + pra (forth) + root mā (to measure). 'That which cannot be measured'.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+prameya)

• a – not, un-, without
  indeclinable
• prameya – measurable, comprehensible, object of knowledge
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  From prefix pra- and root mā (to measure). 'That which is to be measured or known'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'vanam'.

तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वनम् (vanam) - forest (forest, wood, grove)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

Root: van (class 1)

Note: Object of inquiry.

परिपृच्छतः (paripṛcchataḥ) - who was inquiring (inquiring, questioning, asking around)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paripṛcchat

paripṛcchat - inquiring, questioning all around

Present Active Participle

From prefix pari- and root prac (to ask).

Prefix: pari

Root: prac (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'tasya' (Rāma).

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - friend of all, proper name of a sage

Compound type : tatpurusha (viśva+mitra)

• viśva – all, universal, whole
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• mitra – friend, companion, sun-god
  noun (masculine/neuter)

महातेजाः (mahātejāḥ) - greatly resplendent one (greatly resplendent, mighty, glorious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātejas

mahātejas - greatly splendid, mighty, glorious

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+tejas)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• tejas – radiance, splendor, power, spiritual energy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Viśvāmitra.

व्याख्यातुम् (vyākhyātum) - to explain (to explain, to describe)

(indeclinable)

infinitive

From prefix vi-, prefix ā- and root khyā (to tell, relate).

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Infinitive of purpose.

उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - began (he began, he commenced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of upakram

perfect tense (liṭ)

From prefix upa- and root kram (to step, undertake). Perfect tense, Ātmanepada.

Prefix: upa

Root: kram (class 1)