वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-22, verse-1

प्रभातायां तु शर्वर्यां विश्वामित्रो महामुनिः ।
अभ्यभाषत काकुत्स्थं शयानं पर्णसंस्तरे ॥१॥

1. prabhātāyāṃ tu śarvaryāṃ viśvāmitro mahāmuniḥ ,
abhyabhāṣata kākutsthaṃ śayānaṃ parṇasaṃstare.

1. prabhātāyām tu śarvaryām viśvāmitraḥ mahāmuniḥ
abhyabhāṣata kākutstham śayānam parṇasaṃstare

1. śarvaryām prabhātāyām tu mahāmuniḥ viśvāmitraḥ
parṇasaṃstare śayānam kākutstham abhyabhāṣata

1. When the night had dawned, the great sage Viśvāmitra addressed Kakutstha (Rama), who was sleeping on a bed of leaves.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रभातायाम् (prabhātāyām) - at daybreak (when dawned, at daybreak, having become light)

• तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, however, and)

• शर्वर्याम् (śarvaryām) - in the night

• विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra (a proper name))

• महामुनिः (mahāmuniḥ) - the great sage (great sage, great ascetic)

• अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - addressed (addressed, spoke to)

• काकुत्स्थम् (kākutstham) - Kakutstha (Rama) (descendant of Kakutstha (Rama))

• शयानम् (śayānam) - sleeping (lying, sleeping)

• पर्णसंस्तरे (parṇasaṁstare) - on a bed of leaves (on a bed of leaves, on a leafy couch)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रभातायाम् (prabhātāyām) - at daybreak (when dawned, at daybreak, having become light)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of prabhāta

prabhāta - dawned, arisen, light, morning

Past Passive Participle

From pra- + bhā (to shine)

Prefix: pra

Root: bhā (class 2)

Note: Refers to śarvarī (night).

तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, however, and)

(indeclinable)

शर्वर्याम् (śarvaryām) - in the night

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of śarvarī

śarvarī - night

विश्वामित्रः (viśvāmitraḥ) - Viśvāmitra (Viśvāmitra (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - friend of all, a celebrated sage

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (viśva+mitra)

• viśva – all, universal
  adjective (masculine)
• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)

महामुनिः (mahāmuniḥ) - the great sage (great sage, great ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage, great ascetic

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• muni – sage, ascetic, seer
  noun (masculine)

अभ्यभाषत (abhyabhāṣata) - addressed (addressed, spoke to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-bhāṣ

Imperfect

3rd person singular, middle voice

Prefix: abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

काकुत्स्थम् (kākutstham) - Kakutstha (Rama) (descendant of Kakutstha (Rama))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha (an ancient king, an epithet for Rama)

शयानम् (śayānam) - sleeping (lying, sleeping)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śayana

śayana - lying down, sleeping, reposing

Present Participle

From root śī (to lie down, sleep)

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Agrees with kākutstham.

पर्णसंस्तरे (parṇasaṁstare) - on a bed of leaves (on a bed of leaves, on a leafy couch)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of parṇasaṃstara

parṇasaṁstara - a bed or couch made of leaves

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parṇa+saṃstara)

• parṇa – leaf, feather
  noun (neuter)
• saṃstara – couch, bed, mat
  noun (masculine)
  From saṃ- + stṛ (to strew)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: stṛ (class 5)