वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-2, verse-15

तस्यैवं ब्रुवतश्चिन्ता बभूव हृदि वीक्षतः ।
शोकार्तेनास्य शकुनेः किमिदं व्याहृतं मया ॥१५॥

15. tasyaivaṃ bruvataścintā babhūva hṛdi vīkṣataḥ ,
śokārtenāsya śakuneḥ kimidaṃ vyāhṛtaṃ mayā.

15. tasya evam bruvataḥ cintā babhūva hṛdi vīkṣataḥ
śokārtena asya śakuneḥ kim idam vyāhṛtam mayā

15. tasya evam bruvataḥ vīkṣataḥ hṛdi cintā babhūva
asya śakuneḥ śokārtena mayā idam kim vyāhṛtam

15. As he spoke thus and observed, a thought arose in his heart: 'What is this that I, overwhelmed by sorrow for this bird, have uttered?'

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Valmiki) (his, its)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• ब्रुवतः (bruvataḥ) - while he (Valmiki) was speaking (of one speaking, while speaking)

• चिन्ता (cintā) - a thought or worry (worry, thought, reflection)

• बभूव (babhūva) - arose, became, happened

• हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

• वीक्षतः (vīkṣataḥ) - while he (Valmiki) was observing (of one observing, while observing)

• शोकार्तेन (śokārtena) - by me, who am overwhelmed by sorrow (by the one afflicted by sorrow, by the grief-stricken)

• अस्य (asya) - of this (bird) (of this)

• शकुनेः (śakuneḥ) - of the bird

• किम् (kim) - what?

• इदम् (idam) - this (utterance) (this)

• व्याहृतम् (vyāhṛtam) - uttered, spoken

• मया (mayā) - by me

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Valmiki) (his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

ब्रुवतः (bruvataḥ) - while he (Valmiki) was speaking (of one speaking, while speaking)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, telling, saying (present active participle)

Present Active Participle

From root `bru` ('to speak'), present tense stem, suffix `śatṛ`

Root: bru (class 2)

चिन्ता (cintā) - a thought or worry (worry, thought, reflection)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of cintā

cintā - thought, reflection, worry, anxiety

Root: cit (class 10)

बभूव (babhūva) - arose, became, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

हृदि (hṛdi) - in the heart

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of hṛd

hṛd - heart, mind, breast

वीक्षतः (vīkṣataḥ) - while he (Valmiki) was observing (of one observing, while observing)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vīkṣat

vīkṣat - observing, seeing, looking (present active participle)

Present Active Participle

From root `īkṣ` with prefix `vi`, present tense stem, suffix `śatṛ`

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

शोकार्तेन (śokārtena) - by me, who am overwhelmed by sorrow (by the one afflicted by sorrow, by the grief-stricken)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śokārta

śokārta - afflicted by sorrow, distressed by grief

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+ārta)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `ṛ` ('to go, suffer')
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

अस्य (asya) - of this (bird) (of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

शकुनेः (śakuneḥ) - of the bird

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - bird, fowl

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

इदम् (idam) - this (utterance) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

व्याहृतम् (vyāhṛtam) - uttered, spoken

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyāhṛta

vyāhṛta - uttered, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `hṛ` with prefixes `vi` and `ā`

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I (first person pronoun)

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