वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-2, verse-39

समाक्षरैश्चतुर्भिर्यः पादैर्गीतो महर्षिणा ।
सो ऽनुव्याहरणाद्भूयः शोकः श्लोकत्वमागतः ॥३९॥

39. samākṣaraiścaturbhiryaḥ pādairgīto maharṣiṇā ,
so'nuvyāharaṇādbhūyaḥ śokaḥ ślokatvamāgataḥ.

39. samākṣaraiḥ caturbhiḥ yaḥ pādaiḥ gītaḥ maharṣiṇā
saḥ anuvyāharaṇāt bhūyaḥ śokaḥ ślokatvam āgataḥ

39. yaḥ maharṣiṇā samākṣaraiḥ caturbhiḥ pādaiḥ gītaḥ,
saḥ śokaḥ anuvyāharaṇāt bhūyaḥ ślokatvam āgataḥ

39. That sorrow (śoka), which was sung by the great sage (Valmiki) in four feet (pādas) of equal syllables, attained the state of a verse (śloka) through repeated utterance.

Words meanings summery:

• समाक्षरैः (samākṣaraiḥ) - with equal syllables

• चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four

• यः (yaḥ) - which, who

• पादैः (pādaiḥ) - by feet, by quarters (of a verse)

• गीतः (gītaḥ) - sung

• महर्षिणा (maharṣiṇā) - by Valmiki (by the great sage)

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• अनुव्याहरणात् (anuvyāharaṇāt) - from repeated utterance, by constant recitation

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief

• श्लोकत्वम् (ślokatvam) - the state of being a verse (śloka)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - came, attained, reached

Words meanings and morphology

समाक्षरैः (samākṣaraiḥ) - with equal syllables

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of samākṣara

samākṣara - having equal syllables, isometric

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sama+akṣara)

• sama – same, equal, similar, even
  adjective (masculine)
• akṣara – syllable, letter, imperishable, eternal
  noun (neuter)

चतुर्भिः (caturbhiḥ) - by four

(numeral)

यः (yaḥ) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

पादैः (pādaiḥ) - by feet, by quarters (of a verse)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāda

pāda - foot, quarter (of a verse), leg, ray

गीतः (gītaḥ) - sung

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gīta

gīta - sung, chanted, song

Past Passive Participle

root gai + kta

Root: gai (class 3)

महर्षिणा (maharṣiṇā) - by Valmiki (by the great sage)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ṛṣi)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अनुव्याहरणात् (anuvyāharaṇāt) - from repeated utterance, by constant recitation

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of anuvyāharaṇa

anuvyāharaṇa - repeated utterance, recitation, repetition

action noun

anu + vi + ā + hṛ + lyuṭ

Prefixes: anu+vi+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow, grief

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, anguish

श्लोकत्वम् (ślokatvam) - the state of being a verse (śloka)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ślokatva

ślokatva - the state or quality of being a śloka

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śloka+tva)

• śloka – verse, stanza, fame, renown
  noun (masculine)
• tva – suffix forming abstract nouns, 'nature of', 'state of being'
  indeclinable

आगतः (āgataḥ) - came, attained, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, obtained

Past Passive Participle

root gam + ā + kta

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)