वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-14, verse-20

स हि देवान् सगन्धर्वान् सिद्धांश्च ऋषिसत्तमान् ।
राक्षसो रावणो मूर्खो वीर्योत्सेकेन बाधते ॥२०॥

20. sa hi devān sagandharvān siddhāṃśca ṛṣisattamān ,
rākṣaso rāvaṇo mūrkho vīryotsekena bādhate.

20. saḥ hi devān sa-gandharvān siddhān ca ṛṣi-sattamān
rākṣasaḥ rāvaṇaḥ mūrkhaḥ vīrya-utsekena bādhate

20. saḥ rākṣasaḥ rāvaṇaḥ mūrkhaḥ hi vīrya-utsekena
devān sa-gandharvān siddhān ca ṛṣi-sattamān bādhate

20. Indeed, that foolish demon Ravana harasses the gods, along with the Gandharvas, Siddhas, and the foremost sages, inflated by his own might.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• देवान् (devān) - gods

• स-गन्धर्वान् (sa-gandharvān) - along with the Gandharvas

• सिद्धान् (siddhān) - Siddhas, perfected ones

• च (ca) - and, also

• ऋषि-सत्तमान् (ṛṣi-sattamān) - foremost among sages, best of ascetics

• राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana

• मूर्खः (mūrkhaḥ) - foolish, ignorant, deluded

• वीर्य-उत्सेकेन (vīrya-utsekena) - by the inflation of valor, by excessive might

• बाधते (bādhate) - harasses, oppresses, afflicts

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

देवान् (devān) - gods

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine

स-गन्धर्वान् (sa-gandharvān) - along with the Gandharvas

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sa-gandharva

sa-gandharva - with Gandharvas, accompanied by Gandharvas

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+gandharva)

• sa – with, together
  indeclinable
• gandharva – celestial musician, Gandharva (a class of semi-divine beings)
  noun (masculine)

सिद्धान् (siddhān) - Siddhas, perfected ones

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of siddha

siddha - accomplished, perfected, Siddha (a class of semi-divine beings)

Past Passive Participle

From root sidh (to succeed, accomplish)

Root: sidh (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

ऋषि-सत्तमान् (ṛṣi-sattamān) - foremost among sages, best of ascetics

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi-sattama

ṛṣi-sattama - best of sages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛṣi+sattama)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)

राक्षसः (rākṣasaḥ) - demon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, Rakshasa (a class of malevolent beings)

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Ravana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (name of the demon king)

मूर्खः (mūrkhaḥ) - foolish, ignorant, deluded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūrkha

mūrkha - foolish, ignorant, stupid

वीर्य-उत्सेकेन (vīrya-utsekena) - by the inflation of valor, by excessive might

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vīrya-utseka

vīrya-utseka - inflation of power, excessive might, swollen valor

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vīrya+utseka)

• vīrya – valor, strength, energy, potency
  noun (neuter)
• utseka – overflow, inflation, arrogance, pride
  noun (masculine)

बाधते (bādhate) - harasses, oppresses, afflicts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bādh

Root: bādh (class 1)

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