वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-14, verse-18

राज्ञो दशरथस्य त्वमयोध्याधिपतेर्विभो ।
धर्मज्ञस्य वदान्यस्य महर्षिसमतेजसः ।
तस्य भार्यासु तिसृषु ह्रीश्रीकीर्त्युपमासु च ।
विष्णो पुत्रत्वमागच्छ कृत्वात्मानं चतुर्विधम् ॥१८॥

18. rājño daśarathasya tvamayodhyādhipatervibho ,
dharmajñasya vadānyasya maharṣisamatejasaḥ ,
tasya bhāryāsu tisṛṣu hrīśrīkīrtyupamāsu ca ,
viṣṇo putratvamāgaccha kṛtvātmānaṃ caturvidham.

18. rājñaḥ daśarathasya tvam ayodhyādhipateḥ vibho
dharmajñasya vadānyasya maharṣisamatejasaḥ
tasya bhāryāsu tisṛṣu hrīśrīkīrtyupamāsu ca
viṣṇo putratvam āgaccha kṛtvā ātmānam caturvidham

18. viṣṇo vibho tvam ayodhyādhipateḥ dharmajñasya
vadānyasya maharṣisamatejasaḥ tasya rājñaḥ
daśarathasya tisṛṣu hrīśrīkīrtyupamāsu bhāryāsu
ātmānam caturvidham kṛtvā putratvam āgaccha

18. O all-pervading one (vibhu), become the son of King Dasharatha, the ruler of Ayodhya, who understands natural law (dharma), is generous, and whose brilliance rivals that of a great sage. Do this in his three wives, who are likened to Modesty, Prosperity, and Fame, by manifesting your Self (ātman) in a fourfold form.

Words meanings summery:

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• दशरथस्य (daśarathasya) - of Dasharatha

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अयोध्याधिपतेः (ayodhyādhipateḥ) - of the lord of Ayodhya, ruler of Ayodhya

• विभो (vibho) - O mighty one, O all-pervading one

• धर्मज्ञस्य (dharmajñasya) - of one who knows natural law (dharma)

• वदान्यस्य (vadānyasya) - of the generous one

• महर्षिसमतेजसः (maharṣisamatejasaḥ) - whose radiance is equal to that of a great sage

• तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

• भार्यासु (bhāryāsu) - in wives

• तिसृषु (tisṛṣu) - in three

• ह्रीश्रीकीर्त्युपमासु (hrīśrīkīrtyupamāsu) - resembling modesty, prosperity, and fame

• च (ca) - and

• विष्णो (viṣṇo) - O Vishnu

• पुत्रत्वम् (putratvam) - sonship

• आगच्छ (āgaccha) - attain, come to, become

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having done

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - your Self (ātman)

• चतुर्विधम् (caturvidham) - fourfold, in four forms

Words meanings and morphology

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Modifies `daśarathasya`.

दशरथस्य (daśarathasya) - of Dasharatha

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Dasharatha (a proper name, king of Ayodhya)

Note: Possessive case.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Subject of `āgaccha`.

अयोध्याधिपतेः (ayodhyādhipateḥ) - of the lord of Ayodhya, ruler of Ayodhya

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ayodhyādhipati

ayodhyādhipati - lord/ruler of Ayodhya

Compound type : tatpurusha (ayodhyā+adhipati)

• ayodhyā – Ayodhya (a city, capital of Kosala)
  proper noun (feminine)
• adhipati – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Dasharatha.

विभो (vibho) - O mighty one, O all-pervading one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - all-pervading, mighty, powerful, lord

Note: Addressed to Vishnu.

धर्मज्ञस्य (dharmajñasya) - of one who knows natural law (dharma)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma, righteous, virtuous

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• jña – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  Derived from root √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to Dasharatha.

वदान्यस्य (vadānyasya) - of the generous one

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vadānya

vadānya - liberal, generous, eloquent

Note: Refers to Dasharatha.

महर्षिसमतेजसः (maharṣisamatejasaḥ) - whose radiance is equal to that of a great sage

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of maharṣisamatejas

maharṣisamatejas - having splendor equal to a great sage

Compound type : bahuvrihi (maharṣi+sama+tejas)

• maharṣi – great sage
  noun (masculine)
• sama – equal, similar
  adjective (masculine)
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Dasharatha.

तस्य (tasya) - his, of him

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to King Dasharatha.

भार्यासु (bhāryāsu) - in wives

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, spouse

तिसृषु (tisṛṣu) - in three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with `bhāryāsu`.

ह्रीश्रीकीर्त्युपमासु (hrīśrīkīrtyupamāsu) - resembling modesty, prosperity, and fame

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, plural of hrīśrīkīrtyupamā

hrīśrīkīrtyupamā - likened to Modesty, Prosperity, and Fame

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hrī+śrī+kīrti+upamā)

• hrī – modesty, shame, humility
  noun (feminine)
• śrī – prosperity, wealth, beauty, Lakshmi
  noun (feminine)
• kīrti – fame, glory, renown
  noun (feminine)
• upamā – comparison, similitude, resemblance
  noun (feminine)

Note: Describes `bhāryāsu`.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विष्णो (viṣṇo) - O Vishnu

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Vishnu (a principal Hindu deity)

Note: Addressed to Vishnu.

पुत्रत्वम् (putratvam) - sonship

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of putratva

putratva - sonship, being a son

Derived from 'putra' (son) + 'tva' (abstract noun suffix)

Note: Object of `āgaccha`.

आगच्छ (āgaccha) - attain, come to, become

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of āgam

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular, active voice

From root √gam (to go) with upasarga ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Command addressed to Vishnu.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having done

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √kṛ (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies the main verb `āgaccha`.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - your Self (ātman)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - Self, soul, spirit, essence

Note: Object of `kṛtvā`.

चतुर्विधम् (caturvidham) - fourfold, in four forms

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of caturvidha

caturvidha - fourfold, of four kinds

Note: Agrees with `ātmānam`.

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