वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-1, chapter-14, verse-17

तमब्रुवन् सुराः सर्वे समभिष्टूय संनताः ।
त्वां नियोक्ष्यामहे विष्णो लोकानां हितकाम्यया ॥१७॥

17. tamabruvan surāḥ sarve samabhiṣṭūya saṃnatāḥ ,
tvāṃ niyokṣyāmahe viṣṇo lokānāṃ hitakāmyayā.

17. tam abruvan surāḥ sarve samabhiṣṭūya saṃnatāḥ
tvām niyokṣyāmahe viṣṇo lokānām hitakāmyayā

17. sarve saṃnatāḥ surāḥ tam samabhiṣṭūya abruvan
viṣṇo lokānām hitakāmyayā tvām niyokṣyāmahe

17. All the gods, having praised him thoroughly and bowed humbly, said to him: "O Vishnu, we shall appoint you for the welfare of the worlds."

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, to him

• अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said

• सुराः (surāḥ) - gods

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• समभिष्टूय (samabhiṣṭūya) - having praised thoroughly

• संनताः (saṁnatāḥ) - bowed, humble, submissive

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

• नियोक्ष्यामहे (niyokṣyāmahe) - we shall appoint

• विष्णो (viṣṇo) - O Vishnu

• लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the worlds, of the people

• हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - by the desire for welfare, for the welfare

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, to him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Vishnu.

अब्रुवन् (abruvan) - they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural

From root √brū, class 2

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: The subject is `surāḥ`.

सुराः (surāḥ) - gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Note: Subject of `abruvan`.

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Agrees with `surāḥ`.

समभिष्टूय (samabhiṣṭūya) - having praised thoroughly

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √stū (to praise) with upasargas sam- and abhi-

Prefixes: sam+abhi

Root: stū (class 2)

Note: Describes the action preceding `abruvan`.

संनताः (saṁnatāḥ) - bowed, humble, submissive

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃnata

saṁnata - bowed, humble, submissive

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √nam (to bend) with upasarga sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Describes `surāḥ`.

त्वाम् (tvām) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Object of `niyokṣyāmahe`.

नियोक्ष्यामहे (niyokṣyāmahe) - we shall appoint

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, future (lṛṭ) of niyuj

Future tense, 1st person plural, middle voice

From root √yuj (to join, connect) with upasarga ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: The subject is 'we' (the gods).

विष्णो (viṣṇo) - O Vishnu

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Vishnu (a principal Hindu deity)

Note: Addressed to Vishnu.

लोकानाम् (lokānām) - of the worlds, of the people

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, people, realm

Note: Governed by `hitakāmyayā`.

हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - by the desire for welfare, for the welfare

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of hitakāmyā

hitakāmyā - desire for welfare, desire for good

Derived from 'hita' (welfare) and 'kāmyā' (desire)

Compound type : tatpurusha (hita+kāmyā)

• hita – welfare, good, beneficial
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √dhā, with prefix 'hi' as in 'hita'
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• kāmyā – desire, longing
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root √kam (to desire)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Indicates purpose ('for the sake of').

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