मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-54, verse-12
समुद्रान्तः प्रविष्टाश्च षडस्मिन् वर्षपर्वताः ।
दक्षिणोत्तरतो निम्ना मध्ये तुङ्गायता क्षितिः ॥१२॥
दक्षिणोत्तरतो निम्ना मध्ये तुङ्गायता क्षितिः ॥१२॥
12. samudrāntaḥ praviṣṭāśca ṣaḍasmin varṣaparvatāḥ .
dakṣiṇottarato nimnā madhye tuṅgāyatā kṣitiḥ.
dakṣiṇottarato nimnā madhye tuṅgāyatā kṣitiḥ.
12.
samudrāntaḥ praviṣṭāḥ ca ṣaṭ asmin varṣaparvatāḥ
dakṣiṇottarataḥ nimnā madhye tuṅgāyatā kṣitiḥ
dakṣiṇottarataḥ nimnā madhye tuṅgāyatā kṣitiḥ
12.
And six of these primary mountain ranges (varṣaparvatas) penetrate into the ocean. The land (kṣiti) is lower in the south and north, but high and elongated in the middle.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- समुद्रान्तः (samudrāntaḥ) - up to the ocean, ending in the ocean, into the ocean
- प्रविष्टाः (praviṣṭāḥ) - entered, penetrated, extending into
- च (ca) - and
- षट् (ṣaṭ) - six
- अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this land/region (in this)
- वर्षपर्वताः (varṣaparvatāḥ) - continent-mountains, primary mountain ranges
- दक्षिणोत्तरतः (dakṣiṇottarataḥ) - to the south and north, in the south and north
- निम्ना (nimnā) - low, deep, depressed
- मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle
- तुङ्गायता (tuṅgāyatā) - high and elongated
- क्षितिः (kṣitiḥ) - earth, land, ground
Words meanings and morphology
समुद्रान्तः (samudrāntaḥ) - up to the ocean, ending in the ocean, into the ocean
(indeclinable)
Nominative singular masculine or adverbial usage.
Compound type : tatpurusha (samudra+anta)
- samudra – ocean, sea
noun (masculine)
Prefix: sam
Root: mud (class 1) - anta – end, limit, edge
noun (masculine)
Root: at (class 1)
Note: Adverbial in meaning, indicating the extent or direction.
प्रविष्टाः (praviṣṭāḥ) - entered, penetrated, extending into
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of praviṣṭa
praviṣṭa - entered, gone into, penetrated
Past Passive Participle
From pra- + viś (to enter)
Prefix: pra
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Refers to the mountains extending into the ocean.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
षट् (ṣaṭ) - six
(numeral)
अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this land/region (in this)
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, here
Locative singular masculine/neuter of idam
Note: Refers to the 'varṣa' or region.
वर्षपर्वताः (varṣaparvatāḥ) - continent-mountains, primary mountain ranges
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of varṣaparvata
varṣaparvata - continent-mountain, boundary mountain of a varṣa (division of the world)
Compound type : tatpurusha (varṣa+parvata)
- varṣa – rain, year, division of the world, continent
noun (neuter)
Root: vṛṣ (class 1) - parvata – mountain, hill
noun (masculine)
Root: pṛ (class 1)
दक्षिणोत्तरतः (dakṣiṇottarataḥ) - to the south and north, in the south and north
(indeclinable)
Adverb formed from dakṣiṇa (south) + uttara (north) + -tas suffix
Compound type : dvandva (dakṣiṇa+uttara)
- dakṣiṇa – south, right
noun (masculine)
Root: dakṣ (class 1) - uttara – north, higher, later
noun (neuter)
Prefix: ud
Root: tṛ (class 1)
निम्ना (nimnā) - low, deep, depressed
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of nimna
nimna - low, deep, depressed
Nominative singular feminine, agrees with 'kṣitiḥ'
Prefix: ni
Root: nam (class 1)
Note: Describes 'kṣitiḥ'.
मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle
(indeclinable)
Locative singular of madhya
Note: Adverbial usage of locative.
तुङ्गायता (tuṅgāyatā) - high and elongated
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tuṅgāyatā
tuṅgāyatā - high and elongated
Nominative singular feminine, agrees with 'kṣitiḥ'.
Compound type : karmadhāraya (tuṅga+āyata)
- tuṅga – high, lofty, elevated
adjective
Root: tuñj (class 6) - āyata – elongated, extended, long
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From ā- + yam
Prefix: ā
Root: yam (class 1)
Note: Describes 'kṣitiḥ'.
क्षितिः (kṣitiḥ) - earth, land, ground
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣiti
kṣiti - earth, ground, land
Nominative singular feminine of kṣiti
Root: kṣi (class 5)
Note: The subject of the second sentence.