मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-41, verse-8
भैक्ष्यञ्चरेद् गृहस्थेषु यायावरगृहेषु च ।
श्रेष्ठा तु प्रथमा चेति वृत्तिरस्योपदिश्यते ॥८॥
श्रेष्ठा तु प्रथमा चेति वृत्तिरस्योपदिश्यते ॥८॥
8. bhaikṣyañcared gṛhastheṣu yāyāvaragṛheṣu ca .
śreṣṭhā tu prathamā ceti vṛttirasyopadiśyate.
śreṣṭhā tu prathamā ceti vṛttirasyopadiśyate.
8.
bhaikṣyam caret gṛhastheṣu yāyāvaragṛheṣu ca
śreṣṭhā tu prathamā ca iti vṛttiḥ asya upadiśyate
śreṣṭhā tu prathamā ca iti vṛttiḥ asya upadiśyate
8.
He should wander for alms among householders and also at the homes of wandering ascetics. Indeed, this first (method of seeking from householders) is declared as his superior means of livelihood.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- भैक्ष्यम् (bhaikṣyam) - alms (alms, food received as alms)
- चरेत् (caret) - should wander for (alms) (should move, should behave, should wander)
- गृहस्थेषु (gṛhastheṣu) - among householders (the first āśrama) (among householders)
- यायावरगृहेषु (yāyāvaragṛheṣu) - at the homes of wandering mendicants (in the houses of wandering ascetics)
- च (ca) - and
- श्रेष्ठा (śreṣṭhā) - best, superior (best, most excellent, superior)
- तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)
- प्रथमा (prathamā) - this first (method) (first, foremost)
- च (ca) - and
- इति (iti) - (indicating a statement or quotation) (thus, so, in this way)
- वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) - means of livelihood (mode of living, livelihood, conduct, activity)
- अस्य (asya) - of him (the yogī) (of him, of this)
- उपदिश्यते (upadiśyate) - is taught, is declared (is taught, is instructed, is declared)
Words meanings and morphology
भैक्ष्यम् (bhaikṣyam) - alms (alms, food received as alms)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaikṣya
bhaikṣya - alms, begging, food collected as alms
Derived from bhikṣā (begging)
Root: bhikṣ (class 1)
Note: object of caret (wander for alms).
चरेत् (caret) - should wander for (alms) (should move, should behave, should wander)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of car
Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice
Root: car (class 1)
गृहस्थेषु (gṛhastheṣu) - among householders (the first āśrama) (among householders)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of gṛhastha
gṛhastha - householder, one who lives in a house, one belonging to the gṛhastha āśrama
Compound of gṛha (house) and stha (standing, dwelling)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gṛha+stha)
- gṛha – house, home, dwelling
noun (neuter) - stha – standing, staying, situated
adjective
From root 'sthā' with 'a' suffix (agent)
Root: sthā (class 1)
Note: Locative plural indicates 'amongst' or 'in the houses of'.
यायावरगृहेषु (yāyāvaragṛheṣu) - at the homes of wandering mendicants (in the houses of wandering ascetics)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of yāyāvaragṛha
yāyāvaragṛha - house of wandering ascetics/mendicants
Compound of yāyāvara (wandering ascetic) and gṛha (house)
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yāyāvara+gṛha)
- yāyāvara – wandering, itinerant, a wandering ascetic/mendicant
noun (masculine)
Derived from root 'yā' with intensive reduplication and suffix 'āvara'
Root: yā (class 2) - gṛha – house, home, dwelling
noun (neuter)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
श्रेष्ठा (śreṣṭhā) - best, superior (best, most excellent, superior)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of śreṣṭha
śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, superior
Superlative form of praśasya (praise-worthy)
Root: praśas
तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand)
(indeclinable)
प्रथमा (prathamā) - this first (method) (first, foremost)
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of prathama
prathama - first, foremost, prime
Root: prath (class 1)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
इति (iti) - (indicating a statement or quotation) (thus, so, in this way)
(indeclinable)
वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) - means of livelihood (mode of living, livelihood, conduct, activity)
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of vṛtti
vṛtti - mode of living, livelihood, conduct, function, activity
From √vṛt (to turn, to exist)
Root: vṛt (class 1)
अस्य (asya) - of him (the yogī) (of him, of this)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
Masculine/Neuter genitive singular of idam
Note: Possessive pronoun for vṛttiḥ.
उपदिश्यते (upadiśyate) - is taught, is declared (is taught, is instructed, is declared)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of upadiś
Present tense, 3rd person singular, passive voice
Prefix: upa
Root: diś (class 6)