मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-41, verse-17
अक्रोधो गुरुशुश्रूषा शौचमाहारलाघवम् ।
नित्यस्वाध्याय इत्येते नियमाः पञ्च कीर्तिताः ॥१७॥
नित्यस्वाध्याय इत्येते नियमाः पञ्च कीर्तिताः ॥१७॥
17. akrodho guruśuśrūṣā śaucamāhāralāghavam .
nityasvādhyāya ityete niyamāḥ pañca kīrtitāḥ.
nityasvādhyāya ityete niyamāḥ pañca kīrtitāḥ.
17.
akrodhaḥ guruśuśrūṣā śaucam āhāralāghavam
nityasvādhyāya iti ete niyamāḥ pañca kīrtitāḥ
nityasvādhyāya iti ete niyamāḥ pañca kīrtitāḥ
17.
Non-anger, service to the teacher (guru), purity, moderation in food, and constant self-study (svādhyāya)—these five observances are declared.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अक्रोधः (akrodhaḥ) - non-anger, absence of anger
- गुरुशुश्रूषा (guruśuśrūṣā) - service to a teacher, attendance on a superior
- शौचम् (śaucam) - purity, cleanliness, honesty
- आहारलाघवम् (āhāralāghavam) - lightness of food, moderation in diet
- नित्यस्वाध्याय (nityasvādhyāya) - constant self-study, regular study of sacred texts
- इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, indicates a quotation or summary
- एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)
- नियमाः (niyamāḥ) - observances, restraints, rules, spiritual disciplines (dharma)
- पञ्च (pañca) - five
- कीर्तिताः (kīrtitāḥ) - declared, stated, praised
Words meanings and morphology
अक्रोधः (akrodhaḥ) - non-anger, absence of anger
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of akrodha
akrodha - non-anger, absence of anger
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+krodha)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative particle - krodha – anger, wrath
noun (masculine)
From root krudh (to be angry)
Root: krudh (class 4)
गुरुशुश्रूषा (guruśuśrūṣā) - service to a teacher, attendance on a superior
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of guruśuśrūṣā
guruśuśrūṣā - service to a teacher (guru), attendance on a superior
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+śuśrūṣā)
- guru – teacher, spiritual preceptor
noun (masculine) - śuśrūṣā – desire to hear, obedience, service
noun (feminine)
Desiderative nominal derivative from root śru
Root: śru (class 5)
शौचम् (śaucam) - purity, cleanliness, honesty
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of śauca
śauca - purity, cleanliness (physical or mental), honesty
Root: śuc
आहारलाघवम् (āhāralāghavam) - lightness of food, moderation in diet
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of āhāralāghava
āhāralāghava - moderation in food, lightness of diet
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āhāra+lāghava)
- āhāra – food, diet, taking
noun (masculine)
From root hṛ (to seize, take) with prefix ā
Prefix: ā
Root: hṛ (class 1) - lāghava – lightness, agility, insignificance
noun (neuter)
Derived from laghu (light)
नित्यस्वाध्याय (nityasvādhyāya) - constant self-study, regular study of sacred texts
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nityasvādhyāya
nityasvādhyāya - regular self-study (svādhyāya)
Compound type : karma-dhāraya (nitya+svādhyāya)
- nitya – constant, perpetual, regular
adjective - svādhyāya – self-study, recitation of sacred texts (svādhyāya)
noun (masculine)
From su + adhi + i (to go)
Prefixes: sva+adhi
Root: i (class 2)
इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, indicates a quotation or summary
(indeclinable)
एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of etad
etad - this, these
Demonstrative pronoun
नियमाः (niyamāḥ) - observances, restraints, rules, spiritual disciplines (dharma)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of niyama
niyama - observance, rule, restraint, moral discipline (dharma)
From ni + yam (to restrain)
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1)
पञ्च (pañca) - five
(indeclinable)
Note: Though formally indeclinable, it agrees with 'niyamāḥ' in number and contextually in case and gender.
कीर्तिताः (kīrtitāḥ) - declared, stated, praised
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kīrtita
kīrtita - declared, stated, praised, celebrated
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root kīrt (to praise, declare), suffix -ta
Root: kīrt (class 10)
Note: Agrees with 'niyamāḥ'.