मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-115, verse-8
स तच्छ्रुत्वा ततो राजा हा हतोऽस्मीति वै वदन् ।
निनिन्दात्मानमत्यर्थं वसिष्ठस्याग्रतो द्विज ॥८॥
निनिन्दात्मानमत्यर्थं वसिष्ठस्याग्रतो द्विज ॥८॥
8. sa tacchrutvā tato rājā hā hato'smīti vai vadan .
ninindātmānamatyarthaṃ vasiṣṭhasyāgrato dvija.
ninindātmānamatyarthaṃ vasiṣṭhasyāgrato dvija.
8.
saḥ tat śrutvā tataḥ rājā hā hataḥ asmi iti vai vadan
nininda ātmānam atyartham vasiṣṭhasya agrataḥ dvija
nininda ātmānam atyartham vasiṣṭhasya agrataḥ dvija
8.
Having heard that, the king then, exclaiming, 'Alas, I am ruined!', truly blamed himself (ātman) greatly in front of Vasiṣṭha, O twice-born (dvija).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)
- तत् (tat) - that (that, this, it)
- श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore, from that)
- राजा (rājā) - the king (king)
- हा (hā) - alas! (alas!, ah!)
- हतः (hataḥ) - ruined (killed, struck, ruined, destroyed)
- अस्मि (asmi) - I am
- इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this way)
- वै (vai) - truly (indeed, truly, certainly, verily)
- वदन् (vadan) - exclaiming, saying (speaking, saying, uttering)
- निनिन्द (nininda) - he blamed (he blamed, he reproached, he censured)
- आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself (ātman) (the self (ātman), soul, essence, body, oneself)
- अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - greatly (exceedingly, greatly, very much)
- वसिष्ठस्य (vasiṣṭhasya) - of Vasiṣṭha
- अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of (in front of, before, in the presence of)
- द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born (dvija) (O twice-born, O Brahmin)
Words meanings and morphology
सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the king.
तत् (tat) - that (that, this, it)
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Object of śrutvā.
श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard (having heard, after hearing)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from root śru with suffix -tvā.
Root: śru (class 5)
ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, therefore, from that)
(indeclinable)
राजा (rājā) - the king (king)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king
Note: Subject of nininda.
हा (hā) - alas! (alas!, ah!)
(indeclinable)
हतः (hataḥ) - ruined (killed, struck, ruined, destroyed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of hata
hata - killed, struck, ruined, destroyed
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root han (to strike, kill).
Root: han (class 2)
Note: Used predicatively with asmi.
अस्मि (asmi) - I am
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of as
Present Tense (Lat)
First person singular, present tense, active voice.
Root: as (class 2)
इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this way)
(indeclinable)
वै (vai) - truly (indeed, truly, certainly, verily)
(indeclinable)
Note: An emphatic particle.
वदन् (vadan) - exclaiming, saying (speaking, saying, uttering)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vadant
vadant - speaking, saying
Present Active Participle
Derived from root vad (to speak).
Root: vad (class 1)
Note: Modifies rājā.
निनिन्द (nininda) - he blamed (he blamed, he reproached, he censured)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of nind
Perfect Tense (Lit)
Third person singular, perfect tense, active voice.
Root: nind (class 1)
आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself (ātman) (the self (ātman), soul, essence, body, oneself)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, essence, spirit, mind, body
Note: Object of nininda.
अत्यर्थम् (atyartham) - greatly (exceedingly, greatly, very much)
(indeclinable)
Adverbial usage of atyartha.
Compound type : Tatpurusha (ati+artham)
- ati – over, beyond, excessively
indeclinable
Prefix/upasarga. - artha – meaning, purpose, wealth, thing
noun (masculine)
Note: Acts as an adverb modifying nininda.
वसिष्ठस्य (vasiṣṭhasya) - of Vasiṣṭha
(proper noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha
vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a sage)
Note: Governed by agrataḥ.
अग्रतः (agrataḥ) - in front of (in front of, before, in the presence of)
(indeclinable)
Adverbial form from agra (front).
द्विज (dvija) - O twice-born (dvija) (O twice-born, O Brahmin)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvija
dvija - twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya after upanayana; also a bird, a tooth, a snake)
Compound type : Bahuvrihi (dvis+ja)
- dvis – twice
indeclinable - ja – born, produced
adjective (masculine)
From root jan (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Addressed to a person who is 'twice-born', usually a Brahmin.