मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-115, verse-18
तपसा क्षीणदेहस्तु राजवर्यो द्विजोत्तम ।
निगृह्य सर्वस्रोतांसि तत्याजासून्वनेचरः ॥१८॥
निगृह्य सर्वस्रोतांसि तत्याजासून्वनेचरः ॥१८॥
18. tapasā kṣīṇadehastu rājavaryo dvijottama .
nigṛhya sarvasrotāṃsi tatyājāsūnvanecaraḥ.
nigṛhya sarvasrotāṃsi tatyājāsūnvanecaraḥ.
18.
tapasā kṣīṇadehaḥ tu rājavaryaḥ dvijottama
nigṛhya sarvasrotāṃsi tatyāja asūn vanecaraḥ
nigṛhya sarvasrotāṃsi tatyāja asūn vanecaraḥ
18.
O best among the twice-born, that excellent king, a forest-dweller, whose body was emaciated by asceticism (tapas), gave up his vital breaths after restraining all his senses.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism, through austerity
- क्षीणदेहः (kṣīṇadehaḥ) - whose body is wasted/emaciated, having a wasted body
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand
- राजवर्यः (rājavaryaḥ) - best of kings, excellent king
- द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of the twice-born, O best of brahmins
- निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having restrained, having controlled
- सर्वस्रोतांसि (sarvasrotāṁsi) - all the sensory channels/senses (all the streams/currents/channels)
- तत्याज (tatyāja) - abandoned, gave up, renounced
- असून् (asūn) - life, vital functions (life-breaths, vital airs)
- वनेचरः (vanecaraḥ) - forest-dweller, inhabitant of the forest
Words meanings and morphology
तपसा (tapasā) - by asceticism, through austerity
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas
tapas - asceticism, austerity, religious penance, heat, moral virtue
क्षीणदेहः (kṣīṇadehaḥ) - whose body is wasted/emaciated, having a wasted body
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣīṇadeha
kṣīṇadeha - having a wasted/emaciated body
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣīṇa+deha)
- kṣīṇa – wasted, emaciated, diminished, decayed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root kṣi (to decay, to waste away)
Root: kṣi (class 5) - deha – body, form
noun (masculine)
तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
राजवर्यः (rājavaryaḥ) - best of kings, excellent king
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājavarya
rājavarya - best of kings, excellent king
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+varya)
- rājan – king
noun (masculine) - varya – excellent, best, choice
adjective (masculine)
Gerundive
From root vṛ (to choose) + ya
Root: vṛ (class 9)
Note: This noun is the subject, referred to by 'vanecaraḥ' and 'kṣīṇadehaḥ'.
द्विजोत्तम (dvijottama) - O best of the twice-born, O best of brahmins
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijottama
dvijottama - best of the twice-born, best of brahmins
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvija+uttama)
- dvija – twice-born (a Brahmin, Kshatriya, or Vaishya), bird, tooth
noun (masculine) - uttama – best, highest, supreme
adjective (masculine)
निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having restrained, having controlled
(indeclinable)
absolutive
Root gṛh with prefix ni
Prefix: ni
Root: gṛh (class 9)
सर्वस्रोतांसि (sarvasrotāṁsi) - all the sensory channels/senses (all the streams/currents/channels)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of sarvasrotas
sarvasrotas - all streams, all channels, all senses
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+srotas)
- sarva – all, every
pronoun (neuter) - srotas – stream, current, channel, sense
noun (neuter)
तत्याज (tatyāja) - abandoned, gave up, renounced
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of tyaj
Root: tyaj (class 1)
असून् (asūn) - life, vital functions (life-breaths, vital airs)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of asu
asu - breath, vital air, life, vital spirit
वनेचरः (vanecaraḥ) - forest-dweller, inhabitant of the forest
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vanecara
vanecara - forest-dweller, inhabitant of the forest
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+cara)
- vana – forest, wood, grove
noun (neuter) - cara – moving, going, dweller
noun (masculine)
From root car (to move)
Root: car (class 1)