महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-94, verse-4

किं नु दुर्योधनैवं मां वाक्शल्यैरुपविध्यसि ।
घटमानं यथाशक्ति कुर्वाणं च तव प्रियम् ।
जुह्वानं समरे प्राणांस्तवैव हितकाम्यया ॥४॥

4. kiṁ nu duryodhanaivaṁ māṁ vākśalyairupavidhyasi ,
ghaṭamānaṁ yathāśakti kurvāṇaṁ ca tava priyam ,
juhvānaṁ samare prāṇāṁstavaiva hitakāmyayā.

4. kim nu duryodhana evam mām vākśalyaiḥ
upavidhyasi ghaṭamānam yathāśakti
kurvāṇam ca tava priyam juhvānam
samare prāṇān tava eva hitakāmyayā

4. duryodhana! tvam evaṃ vākśalyaiḥ mām
upavidhyasi kim nu? (mām) yathāśakti
ghaṭamānam ca tava priyam kurvāṇam (mām) tava
eva hitakāmyayā samare prāṇān juhvānam

4. O Duryodhana, why do you pierce me with such verbal arrows, when I am striving to the best of my ability, doing what is beneficial for you, and indeed sacrificing my life (prāṇa) in battle out of a desire for your welfare?

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• नु (nu) - indeed, then, now (interrogative particle)

• दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - O Duryodhana

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• माम् (mām) - me

• वाक्शल्यैः (vākśalyaiḥ) - by word-arrows, by verbal barbs

• उपविध्यसि (upavidhyasi) - you pierce, you wound

• घटमानम् (ghaṭamānam) - me who is striving (striving, endeavoring, making efforts)

• यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - according to ability, to the best of one's power

• कुर्वाणम् (kurvāṇam) - me who is doing (doing, performing)

• च (ca) - and

• तव (tava) - your

• प्रियम् (priyam) - your good, what is beneficial for you (dear, pleasant, beneficial, good)

• जुह्वानम् (juhvānam) - me who is sacrificing (my life) (sacrificing, offering)

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• प्राणान् (prāṇān) - my life (prāṇa) (lives, breaths, vital airs (prāṇa))

• तव (tava) - your

• एव (eva) - (for) your *own* (welfare) (indeed, just, only)

• हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - with the desire for welfare, for the sake of benefit

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what, why

(indeclinable)

neuter nominative/accusative singular

नु (nu) - indeed, then, now (interrogative particle)

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - O Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

accusative singular of 'aham'

वाक्शल्यैः (vākśalyaiḥ) - by word-arrows, by verbal barbs

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of vākśalya

vākśalya - word-arrow, verbal barb

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāc+śalya)

• vāc – speech, word
  noun (feminine)
• śalya – arrow, dart, thorn
  noun (neuter)

उपविध्यसि (upavidhyasi) - you pierce, you wound

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of upavidh

present active

From prefix 'upa' + root 'vyadh' (4th class) in present active 2nd person singular

Prefix: upa

Root: vyadh (class 4)

घटमानम् (ghaṭamānam) - me who is striving (striving, endeavoring, making efforts)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghaṭamāna

ghaṭamāna - striving, endeavoring, happening

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

root 'ghaṭ' (1st class) with present participle suffix 'śānac'

Root: ghaṭ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mām.

यथाशक्ति (yathāśakti) - according to ability, to the best of one's power

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayibhāva (yathā+śakti)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• śakti – power, ability
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adverbial compound.

कुर्वाणम् (kurvāṇam) - me who is doing (doing, performing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kurvāṇa

kurvāṇa - doing, making, performing

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

root 'kṛ' (8th class) with present participle suffix 'śānac'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with mām.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

genitive singular of yuṣmad

प्रियम् (priyam) - your good, what is beneficial for you (dear, pleasant, beneficial, good)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasant, good, beneficial

Note: Used substantively as "a dear thing" or "a benefit".

जुह्वानम् (juhvānam) - me who is sacrificing (my life) (sacrificing, offering)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of juhvāna

juhvāna - sacrificing, offering

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

root 'hu' (3rd class, reduplicated) with present participle suffix 'śānac'

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Agrees with mām.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

प्राणान् (prāṇān) - my life (prāṇa) (lives, breaths, vital airs (prāṇa))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, life, vital air, life-force

Note: Direct object of juhvānam.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

genitive singular of yuṣmad

एव (eva) - (for) your *own* (welfare) (indeed, just, only)

(indeclinable)

हितकाम्यया (hitakāmyayā) - with the desire for welfare, for the sake of benefit

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of hitakāmyā

hitakāmyā - desire for welfare/benefit

Derived from 'hita' (welfare) + 'kāmyā' (desire)

Compound type : tatpurusha (hita+kāmyā)

• hita – beneficial, welfare, good
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhā (to place) with prefix hi (to send, fix)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• kāmyā – desire, longing
  noun (feminine)