महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-94, verse-20

आगम्य तु ततो राजा विसृज्य च महाजनम् ।
प्रविवेश ततस्तूर्णं क्षयं शत्रुक्षयंकरः ।
प्रविष्टः स निशां तां च गमयामास पार्थिवः ॥२०॥

20. āgamya tu tato rājā visṛjya ca mahājanam ,
praviveśa tatastūrṇaṁ kṣayaṁ śatrukṣayaṁkaraḥ ,
praviṣṭaḥ sa niśāṁ tāṁ ca gamayāmāsa pārthivaḥ.

20. āgamya tu tataḥ rājā visṛjya ca
mahājanam praviveśa tataḥ tūrṇam kṣayam
śatru-kṣayam-karaḥ praviṣṭaḥ
saḥ niśām tām ca gamayāmāsa pārthivaḥ

20. tu rājā śatru-kṣayam-karaḥ tataḥ
āgamya ca mahājanam visṛjya tataḥ
tūrṇam kṣayam praviveśa saḥ pārthivaḥ
ca praviṣṭaḥ tām niśām gamayāmāsa

20. Having arrived and dismissed the crowd, the king, the destroyer of enemies, then quickly entered his palace. That king (pārthiva), having entered, then spent that night.

Words meanings summery:

• आगम्य (āgamya) - having come, having arrived

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, afterwards (then, thereupon, from that)

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having dismissed (the crowd) (having dismissed, having released, having sent away)

• च (ca) - and, also

• महाजनम् (mahājanam) - the crowd (of people) (great multitude, crowd, public)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• क्षयम् (kṣayam) - house, palace (house, dwelling, abode, destruction)

• शत्रु-क्षयम्-करः (śatru-kṣayam-karaḥ) - destroyer of enemies

• प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - having entered, entered

• सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that (masculine))

• निशाम् (niśām) - night (accusative)

• ताम् (tām) - that (specific) night (that (feminine, accusative))

• च (ca) - and, also

• गमयामास (gamayāmāsa) - caused to pass, spent (time)

• पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - (the king, referring to Duryodhana) (king, ruler of the earth)

Words meanings and morphology

आगम्य (āgamya) - having come, having arrived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from prefix 'ā-' and root 'gam' (to go) + -ya pratyaya

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Absolutive or gerund

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, afterwards (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

विसृज्य (visṛjya) - having dismissed (the crowd) (having dismissed, having released, having sent away)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from prefix 'vi-' and root 'sṛj' (to throw, create) + -ya pratyaya

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Absolutive or gerund

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महाजनम् (mahājanam) - the crowd (of people) (great multitude, crowd, public)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahājana

mahājana - great person, multitude of people, public

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+jana)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• jana – person, people
  noun (masculine)

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-viś

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

From root 'tvar' (to hasten) + kta pratyaya

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Functions as an adverb

क्षयम् (kṣayam) - house, palace (house, dwelling, abode, destruction)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - house, dwelling, abode, destruction, loss

Root: kṣi (class 1)

शत्रु-क्षयम्-करः (śatru-kṣayam-karaḥ) - destroyer of enemies

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatru-kṣayam-kara

śatru-kṣayam-kara - destroyer of enemies

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (śatru+kṣaya+kara)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – destruction, loss
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)
• kara – maker, doer, causing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - having entered, entered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, having entered

Past Passive Participle

Derived from prefix 'pra-' and root 'viś' (to enter) + kta pratyaya

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Past passive participle, agrees with saḥ and pārthivaḥ

सः (saḥ) - he (the king) (he, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Declined form of tad

निशाम् (niśām) - night (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

ताम् (tām) - that (specific) night (that (feminine, accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Declined form of tad, agrees with niśām

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

गमयामास (gamayāmāsa) - caused to pass, spent (time)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of gamayāmāsa

Causative Perfect

Periphrastic perfect of the causative stem of root 'gam' (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Periphrastic perfect of causative of gam, meaning 'caused to go' or 'spent (time)'

पार्थिवः (pārthivaḥ) - (the king, referring to Duryodhana) (king, ruler of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, ruler, belonging to the earth

Derived from pṛthivī (earth) + aṇ pratyaya