महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-94, verse-12

मुमूर्षुर्हि नरः सर्वान्वृक्षान्पश्यति काञ्चनान् ।
तथा त्वमपि गान्धारे विपरीतानि पश्यसि ॥१२॥

12. mumūrṣurhi naraḥ sarvānvṛkṣānpaśyati kāñcanān ,
tathā tvamapi gāndhāre viparītāni paśyasi.

12. mumūrṣuḥ hi naraḥ sarvān vṛkṣān paśyati kāñcanān
tathā tvam api Gāndhāre viparītāni paśyasi

12. hi mumūrṣuḥ naraḥ sarvān vṛkṣān kāñcanān paśyati
tathā api tvam Gāndhāre viparītāni paśyasi

12. Indeed, a man on the verge of death (mumūrṣuḥ) perceives (paśyati) all trees (sarvān vṛkṣān) as golden (kāñcanān). Similarly, you too, O son of Gāndhārī (Gāndhāre), see (paśyasi) things contrary to reality (viparītāni).

Words meanings summery:

• मुमूर्षुः (mumūrṣuḥ) - a man on the verge of death (desirous of dying, about to die)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a man (man, person)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (all, every)

• वृक्षान् (vṛkṣān) - trees

• पश्यति (paśyati) - perceives (sees, perceives)

• काञ्चनान् (kāñcanān) - golden (golden, made of gold)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Suyodhana/Duryodhana) (you)

• अपि (api) - too (even, also, too)

• गान्धारे (gāndhāre) - O son of Gāndhārī (Duryodhana) (O son of Gandhari, O descendant of Gandhara)

• विपरीतानि (viparītāni) - things contrary to reality, adverse things (inverted, contrary, adverse, opposite)

• पश्यसि (paśyasi) - you perceive, you see (you see, you perceive)

Words meanings and morphology

मुमूर्षुः (mumūrṣuḥ) - a man on the verge of death (desirous of dying, about to die)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mumūrṣu

mumūrṣu - desirous of dying, about to die

Desiderative Participle

From desiderative stem of root 'mṛ' (to die) with -u suffix. (mumūrṣa + u)

Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'naraḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

नरः (naraḥ) - a man (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being

Note: Subject of 'paśyati'.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Adjectival use, agrees with 'vṛkṣān'.

वृक्षान् (vṛkṣān) - trees

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree

Note: Object of 'paśyati'.

पश्यति (paśyati) - perceives (sees, perceives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Root 'dṛś' (to see), 1st class, Parasmaipada, Present tense. The form 'paśya' is an irregular present stem.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

काञ्चनान् (kāñcanān) - golden (golden, made of gold)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kāñcana

kāñcana - golden, made of gold

From 'kañcana' (gold) with suffix 'aṇ'.

Note: Agrees with 'vṛkṣān'.

तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a comparison.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Suyodhana/Duryodhana) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

Note: Subject of 'paśyasi'.

अपि (api) - too (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizing particle.

गान्धारे (gāndhāre) - O son of Gāndhārī (Duryodhana) (O son of Gandhari, O descendant of Gandhara)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of Gāndhāri

Gāndhāri - descendant of Gāndhāra; son of Gāndhārī

Patronymic from Gāndhārī or Gāndhāra

Note: Direct address to Duryodhana.

विपरीतानि (viparītāni) - things contrary to reality, adverse things (inverted, contrary, adverse, opposite)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of viparīta

viparīta - inverted, contrary, adverse, opposite, reversed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'i' (to go) with prefixes 'vi' and 'pari'.

Prefixes: vi+pari

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Functions as an object, implicitly "things that are contrary".

पश्यसि (paśyasi) - you perceive, you see (you see, you perceive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Root 'dṛś' (to see), 1st class, Parasmaipada, Present tense. The form 'paśya' is an irregular present stem.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Main verb, second person singular.