महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-76, verse-18

धनूंषि विस्फारयतां नृपाणां बभूव शब्दस्तुमुलोऽतिघोरः ।
विमथ्यतो देवमहासुरौघैर्यथार्णवस्यादियुगे तदानीम् ॥१८॥

18. dhanūṁṣi visphārayatāṁ nṛpāṇāṁ; babhūva śabdastumulo'tighoraḥ ,
vimathyato devamahāsuraughai;ryathārṇavasyādiyuge tadānīm.

18. dhanūṃṣi visphārayatāṃ nṛpāṇāṃ
babhūva śabdaḥ tumulaḥ atighoraḥ
vimathyataḥ devamahāsuraughaiḥ
yathā arṇavasya ādiyuge tadānīm

18. dhanūṃṣi visphārayatāṃ nṛpāṇāṃ
tumulaḥ atighoraḥ śabdaḥ babhūva
yathā ādiyuge tadānīm
devamahāsuraughaiḥ vimathyataḥ arṇavasya

18. A tumultuous and exceedingly dreadful sound arose from the kings as they stretched their bows, just like the sound of the ocean being churned by the hosts of gods and great asuras in the primeval age (ādi-yuga) at that time.

Words meanings summery:

• धनूंषि (dhanūṁṣi) - bows

• विस्फारयतां (visphārayatāṁ) - modifying 'nṛpāṇāṃ' (of kings) (of those stretching/drawing)

• नृपाणां (nṛpāṇāṁ) - of kings, of rulers

• बभूव (babhūva) - was, occurred, became

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise

• तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous, noisy, dreadful

• अतिघोरः (atighoraḥ) - extremely dreadful, very terrible

• विमथ्यतः (vimathyataḥ) - modifying 'arṇavasya' (of the ocean) (of one being churned)

• देवमहासुरौघैः (devamahāsuraughaiḥ) - by the hosts of gods and great asuras

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• अर्णवस्य (arṇavasya) - of the ocean, of the sea

• आदियुगे (ādiyuge) - in the primeval age

• तदानीम् (tadānīm) - at that time, then

Words meanings and morphology

धनूंषि (dhanūṁṣi) - bows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc, rainbow

विस्फारयतां (visphārayatāṁ) - modifying 'nṛpāṇāṃ' (of kings) (of those stretching/drawing)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of visphārayat

visphārayat - stretching, drawing, causing to expand

Present Active Participle (Causal)

From vi-√sphā (to swell, expand), causal stem visphāraya-

Prefix: vi

Root: sphā (class 1)

नृपाणां (nṛpāṇāṁ) - of kings, of rulers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, prince

बभूव (babhūva) - was, occurred, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, voice

तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous, noisy, dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, great, noisy, dreadful, agitated

अतिघोरः (atighoraḥ) - extremely dreadful, very terrible

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atighora

atighora - very dreadful, extremely terrible

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+ghora)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fierce
  adjective (masculine)

विमथ्यतः (vimathyataḥ) - modifying 'arṇavasya' (of the ocean) (of one being churned)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vimathyata

vimathyata - being churned, agitated

Present Passive Participle

From vi-√math (to churn, agitate)

Prefix: vi

Root: math (class 1)

देवमहासुरौघैः (devamahāsuraughaiḥ) - by the hosts of gods and great asuras

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of devamahāsuraugha

devamahāsuraugha - host of gods and great asuras

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (deva+mahā+asura+ogha)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• asura – demon, titan
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, torrent, host, multitude
  noun (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

अर्णवस्य (arṇavasya) - of the ocean, of the sea

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of arṇava

arṇava - ocean, sea, flood

आदियुगे (ādiyuge) - in the primeval age

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ādiyuga

ādiyuga - primeval age, the first age

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ādi+yuga)

• ādi – first, primeval, beginning
  adjective
• yuga – age, epoch, period of time
  noun (masculine)

तदानीम् (tadānīm) - at that time, then

(indeclinable)