महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-38, verse-23

यः शास्त्रविधिमुत्सृज्य वर्तते कामकारतः ।
न स सिद्धिमवाप्नोति न सुखं न परां गतिम् ॥२३॥

23. yaḥ śāstravidhimutsṛjya vartate kāmakārataḥ ,
na sa siddhimavāpnoti na sukhaṁ na parāṁ gatim.

23. yaḥ śāstra-vidhim utsṛjya vartate kāma-kārataḥ
na saḥ siddhim avāpnoti na sukham na parām gatim

23. yaḥ śāstra-vidhim utsṛjya kāma-kārataḥ vartate
saḥ siddhim na avāpnoti na sukham na parām gatim

23. One who disregards the injunctions of scripture and acts whimsically, driven by personal desire, does not achieve perfection, nor happiness, nor the supreme state.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• शास्त्र-विधिम् (śāstra-vidhim) - the injunction of scripture, rule of sacred texts

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having disregarded

• वर्तते (vartate) - he acts, exists, proceeds

• काम-कारतः (kāma-kārataḥ) - by the impulse of desire, whimsically

• न (na) - not, no

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - perfection, success, accomplishment

• अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - he attains, obtains, reaches

• न (na) - not, no

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, pleasure

• न (na) - not, no

• पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest

• गतिम् (gatim) - state, destination, course

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

शास्त्र-विधिम् (śāstra-vidhim) - the injunction of scripture, rule of sacred texts

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śāstra+vidhi)

• śāstra – scripture, sacred text, treatise, instruction
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śās (class 2)
• vidhi – rule, injunction, ordinance, method
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having disregarded

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed from root 'sṛj' with prefix 'ud'

Prefix: ud

Root: sṛj (class 6)

वर्तते (vartate) - he acts, exists, proceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vṛt

present tense

Ātmanepada, 1st conjugation

Root: vṛt (class 1)

काम-कारतः (kāma-kārataḥ) - by the impulse of desire, whimsically

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāma+kāra)

• kāma – desire, wish, longing
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)
• kāra – doing, making, action
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The -taḥ suffix here makes it an adverbial ablative.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सिद्धिम् (siddhim) - perfection, success, accomplishment

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siddhi

siddhi - accomplishment, success, perfection, supernatural power

Root: sidh (class 1)

अवाप्नोति (avāpnoti) - he attains, obtains, reaches

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of avāp

present tense

Parasmaipada, 5th conjugation

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness, pleasure

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, comfort

Note: Can also be nominative singular neuter

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

पराम् (parām) - supreme, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of para

para - other, another, supreme, highest, ultimate, distant

गतिम् (gatim) - state, destination, course

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, course, way, state, condition, destination

action noun

From root gam (to go) with suffix -ti

Root: gam (class 1)