महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-20, verse-8

चन्द्रप्रभं श्वेतमस्यातपत्रं सौवर्णी स्रग्भ्राजते चोत्तमाङ्गे ।
तं सर्वतः शकुनिः पार्वतीयैः सार्धं गान्धारैः पाति गान्धारराजः ॥८॥

8. candraprabhaṁ śvetamasyātapatraṁ; sauvarṇī sragbhrājate cottamāṅge ,
taṁ sarvataḥ śakuniḥ pārvatīyaiḥ; sārdhaṁ gāndhāraiḥ pāti gāndhārarājaḥ.

8. candraprabham śvetam asya ātapatram
sauvarṇī srak bhrājate ca uttamāṅge
tam sarvataḥ śakuniḥ pārvatīyaiḥ
sārdham gāndhāraiḥ pāti gāndhārarājaḥ

8. candraprabham śvetam asya ātapatram
(āsīt) uttamāṅge ca sauvarṇī srak bhrājate
gāndhārarājaḥ śakuniḥ tam pārvatīyaiḥ
gāndhāraiḥ ca sārdham sarvataḥ pāti

8. A white umbrella, radiant like the moon, was held over him, and a golden garland gleamed on his head. King Śakuni of Gandhāra, along with the mountain tribes (pārvatīyaiḥ) and the Gandhāras, protected him (Duryodhana) from all sides.

Words meanings summery:

• चन्द्रप्रभम् (candraprabham) - radiant like the moon (moon-shining, radiant like the moon)

• श्वेतम् (śvetam) - white (white, bright)

• अस्य (asya) - his (over Duryodhana) (of him, his)

• आतपत्रम् (ātapatram) - umbrella (umbrella, parasol (shade-giver))

• सौवर्णी (sauvarṇī) - golden (golden, made of gold)

• स्रक् (srak) - garland (garland, wreath)

• भ्राजते (bhrājate) - gleamed (shines, glitters, radiates)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• उत्तमाङ्गे (uttamāṅge) - on his head (on the head, on the best limb)

• तम् (tam) - him (Duryodhana) (him, that)

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides (from all sides, everywhere)

• शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Śakuni (Śakuni (proper name))

• पार्वतीयैः (pārvatīyaiḥ) - with the mountain tribes (by the mountain dwellers, by those from the mountains)

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - with (with, together with)

• गान्धारैः (gāndhāraiḥ) - with the Gāndhāras (by the Gāndhāras, people of Gandhāra)

• पाति (pāti) - protected (he protects, guards, rules)

• गान्धारराजः (gāndhārarājaḥ) - King of Gandhāra

Words meanings and morphology

चन्द्रप्रभम् (candraprabham) - radiant like the moon (moon-shining, radiant like the moon)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of candraprabha

candraprabha - moon-light, moon-radiance, shining like the moon

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (candra+prabhā)

• candra – moon
  noun (masculine)
• prabhā – light, radiance
  noun (feminine)

Note: Agrees with 'ātapatram'.

श्वेतम् (śvetam) - white (white, bright)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śveta

śveta - white, bright, clear

Note: Agrees with 'ātapatram'.

अस्य (asya) - his (over Duryodhana) (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

आतपत्रम् (ātapatram) - umbrella (umbrella, parasol (shade-giver))

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ātapatra

ātapatra - umbrella, parasol

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āta+patra)

• āta – sunshine, heat
  noun (masculine)
• patra – leaf, wing, feather, covering
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject.

सौवर्णी (sauvarṇī) - golden (golden, made of gold)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sauvarṇī

sauvarṇī - golden, made of gold

Note: Agrees with 'srak'.

स्रक् (srak) - garland (garland, wreath)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sraj

sraj - garland, wreath

Note: Subject of 'bhrājate'.

भ्राजते (bhrājate) - gleamed (shines, glitters, radiates)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhrāj

Root: bhrāj (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two parts of the sentence.

उत्तमाङ्गे (uttamāṅge) - on his head (on the head, on the best limb)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uttamāṅga

uttamāṅga - head, best limb, principal part

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (uttama+aṅga)

• uttama – highest, best, chief
  adjective (neuter)
• aṅga – limb, body part
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Duryodhana's head.

तम् (tam) - him (Duryodhana) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'pāti'.

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides (from all sides, everywhere)

(indeclinable)

Suffix -tas added to sarva

Note: Modifies 'pāti'.

शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Śakuni (Śakuni (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Śakuni (name of the maternal uncle of Duryodhana), bird

Note: Subject of 'pāti'.

पार्वतीयैः (pārvatīyaiḥ) - with the mountain tribes (by the mountain dwellers, by those from the mountains)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pārvatīya

pārvatīya - mountainous, inhabiting mountains, a mountaineer

Note: Used with 'sārdham'.

सार्धम् (sārdham) - with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)

गान्धारैः (gāndhāraiḥ) - with the Gāndhāras (by the Gāndhāras, people of Gandhāra)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gāndhāra

gāndhāra - of or belonging to Gandhāra, a person from Gandhāra

Note: Used with 'sārdham'.

पाति (pāti) - protected (he protects, guards, rules)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pā

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: The tense is present, but contextually describes an ongoing state or action in the battle narrative, often translated as past in English narratives.

गान्धारराजः (gāndhārarājaḥ) - King of Gandhāra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gāndhārarāja

gāndhārarāja - King of Gandhāra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gāndhāra+rājan)

• gāndhāra – Gandhāra (region)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: In apposition to 'śakuniḥ'.