महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-20, verse-19

महारथौघविपुलः समुद्र इव पर्वणि ।
भीष्मेण धार्तराष्ट्राणां व्यूहः प्रत्यङ्मुखो युधि ॥१९॥

19. mahārathaughavipulaḥ samudra iva parvaṇi ,
bhīṣmeṇa dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṁ vyūhaḥ pratyaṅmukho yudhi.

19. mahārathaughavipulaḥ samudraḥ iva parvaṇi bhīṣmeṇa
dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām vyūhaḥ pratyaṅmukhaḥ yudhi

19. yudhi bhīṣmeṇa dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām pratyaṅmukhaḥ
vyūhaḥ mahārathaughavipulaḥ parvaṇi samudraḥ iva

19. In battle (yudhi), Bhishma's formation for the sons of Dhritarashtra faced westward, vast with throngs of great charioteers, like an ocean at its peak during the full or new moon.

Words meanings summery:

• महारथौघविपुलः (mahārathaughavipulaḥ) - vast with multitudes of great charioteers

• समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - ocean, sea

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• पर्वणि (parvaṇi) - at the time of the new or full moon (when tides are highest) (at the knot, at the joint, at the time of the new/full moon)

• भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

• धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām) - of the sons of Dhritarashtra

• व्यूहः (vyūhaḥ) - battle array, formation

• प्रत्यङ्मुखः (pratyaṅmukhaḥ) - facing west, facing the enemy

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

Words meanings and morphology

महारथौघविपुलः (mahārathaughavipulaḥ) - vast with multitudes of great charioteers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahārathaughavipula

mahārathaughavipula - vast with multitudes of great charioteers

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahāratha+ogha+vipula)

• mahāratha – great charioteer, great warrior
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – multitude, flood, current
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vah (class 1)
• vipula – vast, extensive, large
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'pul' (to be large) with prefix 'vi'.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: pul (class 10)

Note: Modifies 'vyūhaḥ'.

समुद्रः (samudraḥ) - ocean, sea

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samudra

samudra - ocean, sea

From 'sam' + 'ud' + 'ra' (dran) meaning 'held together by waters' or 'rising with waters'.

Prefixes: sam+ud

Root: dru (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

पर्वणि (parvaṇi) - at the time of the new or full moon (when tides are highest) (at the knot, at the joint, at the time of the new/full moon)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of parvan

parvan - knot, joint, limb, festival, time of new or full moon

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a warrior), terrible, formidable

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Agent of the action (implied "arranged by Bhishma").

धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām) - of the sons of Dhritarashtra

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhritarashtra

patronymic formation

Note: Denotes possession or relation to the formation.

व्यूहः (vyūhaḥ) - battle array, formation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyūha

vyūha - battle array, military formation, arrangement

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Subject of the description.

प्रत्यङ्मुखः (pratyaṅmukhaḥ) - facing west, facing the enemy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyaṅmukha

pratyaṅmukha - facing westward, facing the west, facing an enemy

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pratyañc+mukha)

• pratyañc – westward, facing
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: prati
  Root: añc (class 1)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'vyūhaḥ'.

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

From root 'yudh' (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Denotes the location or context of the formation.