महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-20, verse-3

संजय उवाच ।
उभे सेने तुल्यमिवोपयाते उभे व्यूहे हृष्टरूपे नरेन्द्र ।
उभे चित्रे वनराजिप्रकाशे तथैवोभे नागरथाश्वपूर्णे ॥३॥

3. saṁjaya uvāca ,
ubhe sene tulyamivopayāte; ubhe vyūhe hṛṣṭarūpe narendra ,
ubhe citre vanarājiprakāśe; tathaivobhe nāgarathāśvapūrṇe.

3. saṃjaya uvāca ubhe sene tulyam iva
upayāte ubhe vyūhe hṛṣṭarūpe
narendra ubhe citre vanarājiprakāśe
tatha eva ubhe nāgarathāśvapūrṇe

3. saṃjaya uvāca: narendra,
ubhe sene tulyam iva upayāte.
ubhe vyūhe hṛṣṭarūpe.
ubhe citre vanarājiprakāśe.
tatha eva ubhe nāgarathāśvapūrṇe (āsan).

3. Sanjaya said: O King, both armies appeared to have arrived equally, and both their battle formations looked spirited. Both were striking, shining like dense forest lines, and both, similarly, were filled with elephants, chariots, and horses.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• उभे (ubhe) - both

• सेने (sene) - armies

• तुल्यम् (tulyam) - equally, in an equal manner

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if, similar to

• उपयाते (upayāte) - having arrived, having approached, arrayed

• उभे (ubhe) - both

• व्यूहे (vyūhe) - battle formations, arrays

• हृष्टरूपे (hṛṣṭarūpe) - of cheerful appearance, spirited-looking

• नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O King, O ruler of men

• उभे (ubhe) - both

• चित्रे (citre) - striking, variegated, wonderful, beautiful

• वनराजिप्रकाशे (vanarājiprakāśe) - shining like a line of trees, splendid as a forest range

• तथ (tatha) - thus, so, in that manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, in the same way

• उभे (ubhe) - both

• नागरथाश्वपूर्णे (nāgarathāśvapūrṇe) - filled with elephants, chariots, and horses

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sanjaya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sanjaya (Vyasa's disciple and Dhritarashtra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

उभे (ubhe) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Declines only in dual.

सेने (sene) - armies

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, dual of senā

senā - army, host, forces

तुल्यम् (tulyam) - equally, in an equal manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing comparison or semblance.

उपयाते (upayāte) - having arrived, having approached, arrayed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, dual of upayāta

upayāta - approached, arrived, come near

Past Passive Participle

From upa-yā

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Past Passive Participle agreeing with sene.

उभे (ubhe) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Declines only in dual.

व्यूहे (vyūhe) - battle formations, arrays

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of vyūha

vyūha - arrangement, disposition, array, battle formation

Note: Paired with ubhe, suggesting neuter dual if vyūha were neuter, or it refers to feminine sene. Since ubhe can be fem. or neut. dual, and vyūha can be masc. or neut., ubhe vyūhe most naturally makes vyūha neuter here.

हृष्टरूपे (hṛṣṭarūpe) - of cheerful appearance, spirited-looking

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, dual of hṛṣṭarūpa

hṛṣṭarūpa - of joyful appearance, cheerful-looking, spirited

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hṛṣṭa+rūpa)

• hṛṣṭa – rejoiced, glad, thrilled, spirited
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From hṛṣ
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)
• rūpa – form, appearance, beauty
  noun (neuter)

Note: Bahuvrihi compound.

नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O King, O ruler of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, ruler of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra (deity)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Calling Dhritarashtra.

उभे (ubhe) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Declines only in dual.

चित्रे (citre) - striking, variegated, wonderful, beautiful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, dual of citra

citra - bright, variegated, clear, wonderful, striking, beautiful

Note: Can modify sene or vyūhe. Here, it likely continues to modify the armies/formations.

वनराजिप्रकाशे (vanarājiprakāśe) - shining like a line of trees, splendid as a forest range

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, dual of vanarājiprakāśa

vanarājiprakāśa - shining like a line of trees, splendid as a forest range

Compound type : tatpurusha (vanarāji+prakāśa)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• rāji – line, row, range
  noun (feminine)
• prakāśa – light, splendor, clear, manifest, shining
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra

Note: Bahuvrihi compound describing the armies' appearance.

तथ (tatha) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb.

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, in the same way

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle, here meaning 'similarly'.

उभे (ubhe) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Declines only in dual.

नागरथाश्वपूर्णे (nāgarathāśvapūrṇe) - filled with elephants, chariots, and horses

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, dual of nāgarathāśvapūrṇa

nāgarathāśvapūrṇa - full of elephants, chariots, and horses

Compound type : tatpurusha (nāga+ratha+aśva+pūrṇa)

• nāga – elephant, serpent
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• pūrṇa – full, complete, filled with
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From pṛ
  Root: pṛ (class 3)

Note: Bahuvrihi compound. pūrṇa is P.P.P.