महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-20, verse-5

पश्चान्मुखाः कुरवो धार्तराष्ट्राः स्थिताः पार्थाः प्राङ्मुखा योत्स्यमानाः ।
दैत्येन्द्रसेनेव च कौरवाणां देवेन्द्रसेनेव च पाण्डवानाम् ॥५॥

5. paścānmukhāḥ kuravo dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ; sthitāḥ pārthāḥ prāṅmukhā yotsyamānāḥ ,
daityendraseneva ca kauravāṇāṁ; devendraseneva ca pāṇḍavānām.

5. paścātmukhāḥ kuravaḥ dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ
sthitāḥ pārthāḥ prāṅmukhāḥ yotsyamānāḥ
daityendrasenā iva ca kauravāṇām
devendrasenā iva ca pāṇḍavānām

5. kuravaḥ dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ paścātmukhāḥ sthitāḥ.
pārthāḥ prāṅmukhāḥ yotsyamānāḥ (sthitāḥ).
kauravāṇām senā ca daityendrasenā iva.
pāṇḍavānām senā ca devendrasenā iva.

5. The Kurus, the sons of Dhritarashtra, were arrayed facing west. The sons of Pritha (Pandavas) were positioned facing east, ready to fight. The army of the Kauravas resembled the army of the chief of the demons, while the army of the Pandavas resembled that of the chief of the gods.

Words meanings summery:

• पश्चात्मुखाः (paścātmukhāḥ) - facing west, westward-facing

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus, descendants of Kuru

• धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhritarashtra

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - stood, arrayed, positioned

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pritha (Kunti), the Pandavas

• प्राङ्मुखाः (prāṅmukhāḥ) - facing east, eastward-facing

• योत्स्यमानाः (yotsyamānāḥ) - intending to fight, about to fight, wishing to fight

• दैत्येन्द्रसेना (daityendrasenā) - army of the chief of demons

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if, similar to

• च (ca) - and, also

• कौरवाणाम् (kauravāṇām) - of the Kauravas

• देवेन्द्रसेना (devendrasenā) - army of the chief of gods

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if, similar to

• च (ca) - and, also

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pandavas

Words meanings and morphology

पश्चात्मुखाः (paścātmukhāḥ) - facing west, westward-facing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paścātmukha

paścātmukha - facing west, westward-facing

Compound type : tatpurusha (paścāt+mukha)

• paścāt – behind, from behind, to the west
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, direction
  noun (neuter)

Note: Tatpurusha compound.

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - the Kurus, descendants of Kuru

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (an ancient king, or his descendants)

Note: Refers to the Kauravas.

धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhritarashtra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhritarashtra, relating to Dhritarashtra

Taddhita derivation from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Note: Refers to Duryodhana and his brothers.

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - stood, arrayed, positioned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - stood, standing, situated, positioned, arrayed

Past Passive Participle

From sthā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle agreeing with Kurus/Dhritarashtras.

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pritha (Kunti), the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pritha (Kunti), Arjuna; a Pandava

Taddhita derivation from Pṛthā

Note: Collective term for the Pandavas.

प्राङ्मुखाः (prāṅmukhāḥ) - facing east, eastward-facing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prāṅmukha

prāṅmukha - facing east, eastward-facing

Compound type : tatpurusha (prāñc+mukha)

• prāñc – eastern, facing forwards
  adjective
• mukha – face, mouth, direction
  noun (neuter)

Note: Tatpurusha compound.

योत्स्यमानाः (yotsyamānāḥ) - intending to fight, about to fight, wishing to fight

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yotsyamāna

yotsyamāna - intending to fight, about to fight, wishing to fight

Future Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

From yudh, future stem yotsya- + māna

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Future Active Participle, from the desiderative stem yuyuts. Or direct future participle from root yudh.

दैत्येन्द्रसेना (daityendrasenā) - army of the chief of demons

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of daityendrasenā

daityendrasenā - army of the chief of demons

Compound type : tatpurusha (daityendra+senā)

• daitya – demon, son of Diti
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra
  noun (masculine)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Tatpurusha compound.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing comparison or semblance.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

कौरवाणाम् (kauravāṇām) - of the Kauravas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kaurava

kaurava - descendant of Kuru, a Kaurava

Taddhita derivation from Kuru

Note: Refers to the clan, often implying Duryodhana's side.

देवेन्द्रसेना (devendrasenā) - army of the chief of gods

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of devendrasenā

devendrasenā - army of the chief of gods (Indra)

Compound type : tatpurusha (devendra+senā)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra
  noun (masculine)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Tatpurusha compound.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing comparison or semblance.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, a Pandava

Taddhita derivation from Paṇḍu

Note: Refers to the sons of Pandu.