महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-20, verse-17

अश्वेऽश्वे दश धानुष्का धानुष्के दश चर्मिणः ।
एवं व्यूढान्यनीकानि भीष्मेण तव भारत ॥१७॥

17. aśve'śve daśa dhānuṣkā dhānuṣke daśa carmiṇaḥ ,
evaṁ vyūḍhānyanīkāni bhīṣmeṇa tava bhārata.

17. aśve aśve daśa dhānuṣkāḥ dhānuṣke daśa carmiṇaḥ
evam vyūḍhāni anīkāni bhīṣmeṇa tava bhārata

17. bhārata aśve aśve daśa dhānuṣkāḥ (santi) dhānuṣke daśa
carmiṇaḥ (santi) evam tava anīkāni bhīṣmeṇa vyūḍhāni (santi)

17. On each horse, there are ten archers, and for each archer, there are ten shield-bearers. In this manner, O Bhārata, your armies (anīkāni) have been arrayed (vyūḍhāni) by Bhīṣma.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्वे (aśve) - on each horse (on the horse)

• अश्वे (aśve) - on each horse (on the horse)

• दश (daśa) - ten

• धानुष्काः (dhānuṣkāḥ) - archers

• धानुष्के (dhānuṣke) - for each archer (on the archer)

• दश (daśa) - ten

• चर्मिणः (carmiṇaḥ) - shield-bearers, armored ones

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• व्यूढानि (vyūḍhāni) - arrayed (in battle formation) (arrayed, arranged, formed (of an army))

• अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, troops

• भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhīṣma

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

Words meanings and morphology

अश्वे (aśve) - on each horse (on the horse)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Repetition (aśve aśve) implies distributive "on each".

अश्वे (aśve) - on each horse (on the horse)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Repetition (aśve aśve) implies distributive "on each".

दश (daśa) - ten

(indeclinable)

Cardinal numeral, usually indeclinable.

Note: Though numeral, acts as adjective to 'dhānuṣkāḥ'.

धानुष्काः (dhānuṣkāḥ) - archers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhānuṣka

dhānuṣka - an archer, a bowman

From dhanus (bow) + ka suffix.

धानुष्के (dhānuṣke) - for each archer (on the archer)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dhānuṣka

dhānuṣka - an archer, a bowman

From dhanus (bow) + ka suffix.

Note: Distributive sense "for each archer".

दश (daśa) - ten

(indeclinable)

Cardinal numeral, usually indeclinable.

Note: Acts as adjective to 'carmiṇaḥ'.

चर्मिणः (carmiṇaḥ) - shield-bearers, armored ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of carmin

carmin - armed with a shield, a shield-bearer

From carman (shield, skin) + in suffix.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

व्यूढानि (vyūḍhāni) - arrayed (in battle formation) (arrayed, arranged, formed (of an army))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vyūḍha

vyūḍha - arranged, formed, drawn up (of an army); expanded, broad

Past Passive Participle

From root ūh (to push, arrange) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'anīkāni'.

अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, troops

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, troop; front, face

Note: Subject of 'vyūḍhāni'.

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (proper name of a Kuru elder); terrible, dreadful

Root: bhī (class 3)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun, genitive singular.

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to India/Bharata

Often used as an appellation for Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Mahābhārata.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)