महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-20, verse-16

साग्रं शतसहस्रं तु नागानां तव भारत ।
नागे नागे रथशतं शतं चाश्वा रथे रथे ॥१६॥

16. sāgraṁ śatasahasraṁ tu nāgānāṁ tava bhārata ,
nāge nāge rathaśataṁ śataṁ cāśvā rathe rathe.

16. sāgram śatasahasram tu nāgānām tava bhārata
nāge nāge rathaśatam śatam ca aśvāḥ rathe rathe

16. bhārata tava nāgānām tu sāgram śatasahasram (asti) nāge nāge rathaśatam (asti),
ca rathe rathe śatam aśvāḥ (santi)

16. O Bhārata, your army indeed comprises more than one hundred thousand elephants (nāgas). On each elephant, there are a hundred chariots, and on each chariot, a hundred horses.

Words meanings summery:

• साग्रम् (sāgram) - more than, with an excess (with an excess, with an addition, more than)

• शतसहस्रम् (śatasahasram) - one hundred thousand

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphatic) (but, indeed, however)

• नागानाम् (nāgānām) - of elephants

• तव (tava) - your, of you

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

• नागे (nāge) - on each elephant (on the elephant)

• नागे (nāge) - on each elephant (on the elephant)

• रथशतम् (rathaśatam) - a hundred chariots

• शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

• च (ca) - and

• अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses

• रथे (rathe) - on each chariot (on the chariot)

• रथे (rathe) - on each chariot (on the chariot)

Words meanings and morphology

साग्रम् (sāgram) - more than, with an excess (with an excess, with an addition, more than)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sāgra

sāgra - with the front part; with a tip/point; with an excess; more than

Bahuvrīhi compound: sa (with) + agra (tip/front/excess).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+agra)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefixed to form adjectives/compounds.
• agra – tip, front, top, excess, remainder
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'śatasahasram'.

शतसहस्रम् (śatasahasram) - one hundred thousand

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śatasahasra

śatasahasra - one hundred thousand (100,000)

Tatpuruṣa compound śata (hundred) + sahasra (thousand).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śata+sahasra)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  numeral (neuter)

तु (tu) - indeed (emphatic) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

नागानाम् (nāgānām) - of elephants

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - snake, serpent, elephant; mountain, cloud

Note: 'śatasahasram' of 'nāgas'.

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun, genitive singular.

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (or Duryodhana's army indirectly).

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to India/Bharata

Often used as an appellation for Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Mahābhārata.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

नागे (nāge) - on each elephant (on the elephant)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - snake, elephant, mountain

Note: Repetition (nāge nāge) implies distributive "on each".

नागे (nāge) - on each elephant (on the elephant)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nāga

nāga - snake, elephant, mountain

Note: Repetition (nāge nāge) implies distributive "on each".

रथशतम् (rathaśatam) - a hundred chariots

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rathaśata

rathaśata - a hundred chariots

Tatpuruṣa compound: ratha (chariot) + śata (hundred).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+śata)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)

शतम् (śatam) - a hundred

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śata

śata - a hundred

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अश्वाः (aśvāḥ) - horses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

रथे (rathe) - on each chariot (on the chariot)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Repetition (rathe rathe) implies distributive "on each".

रथे (rathe) - on each chariot (on the chariot)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Repetition (rathe rathe) implies distributive "on each".