महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-194, verse-16

आचार्य केन कालेन पाण्डुपुत्रस्य सैनिकान् ।
निहन्या इति तं द्रोणः प्रत्युवाच हसन्निव ॥१६॥

16. ācārya kena kālena pāṇḍuputrasya sainikān ,
nihanyā iti taṁ droṇaḥ pratyuvāca hasanniva.

16. ācārya kena kālena pāṇḍuputrasya sainikān
nihanyāḥ iti tam droṇaḥ pratyuvāca hasan iva

16. ācārya,
kena kālena pāṇḍuputrasya sainikān nihanyāḥ iti tam droṇaḥ hasan iva pratyuvāca.

16. Duryodhana asked, "O preceptor (ācārya), in how much time could you destroy the soldiers of Pāṇḍu's son?" To this, Droṇa replied as if laughing.

Words meanings summery:

• आचार्य (ācārya) - O Droṇa (O preceptor, O teacher)

• केन (kena) - in what amount (of time) (by what, with what)

• कालेन (kālena) - in what time, how long (by time, in time, within a period)

• पाण्डुपुत्रस्य (pāṇḍuputrasya) - of the Pāṇḍavas' army (referring to the general side of Pāṇḍu's sons) (of Pāṇḍu's son, of a Pāṇḍava)

• सैनिकान् (sainikān) - soldiers, troops

• निहन्याः (nihanyāḥ) - you might kill, you could destroy

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotation marker)

• तम् (tam) - to Duryodhana (him)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, answered

• हसन् (hasan) - laughing

• इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

Words meanings and morphology

आचार्य (ācārya) - O Droṇa (O preceptor, O teacher)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - preceptor, teacher, master

केन (kena) - in what amount (of time) (by what, with what)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

Note: Matches gender/number/case of kālena.

कालेन (kālena) - in what time, how long (by time, in time, within a period)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

पाण्डुपुत्रस्य (pāṇḍuputrasya) - of the Pāṇḍavas' army (referring to the general side of Pāṇḍu's sons) (of Pāṇḍu's son, of a Pāṇḍava)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pāṇḍu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (father of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

सैनिकान् (sainikān) - soldiers, troops

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sainika

sainika - soldier, warrior

निहन्याः (nihanyāḥ) - you might kill, you could destroy

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of han

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotation marker)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - to Duryodhana (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (a prominent character in the Mahābhārata, preceptor of the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas)

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied, answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

हसन् (hasan) - laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of has

has - to laugh, smile

Present Active Participle

From root 'has', suffix '-at'

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Functions adverbially, modifying the verb 'pratyuvāca' and referring to 'droṇaḥ'.

इव (iva) - as if, like, similar to

(indeclinable)