महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-17, verse-11

अगस्त्य उवाच ।
ततो विवदमानः स मुनिभिः सह वासव ।
अथ मामस्पृशन्मूर्ध्नि पादेनाधर्मपीडितः ॥११॥

11. agastya uvāca ,
tato vivadamānaḥ sa munibhiḥ saha vāsava ,
atha māmaspṛśanmūrdhni pādenādharmapīḍitaḥ.

11. agastyaḥ uvāca tataḥ vivadamānaḥ saḥ munibhiḥ saha
vāsava atha mām aspṛśat mūrdhni pādena adharmapīḍitaḥ

11. Agastya said: 'Then, while that Nahusha was arguing with the sages, O Vāsava (Indra), he, afflicted by unrighteousness (adharma), touched my head with his foot'.

11. אַגַסְטְיַה אמר, אז, הו וָאסַוַה, בעודו מתווכח עם הקדושים, והוא נגוע בניגוד ליושר, נגע בראשי ברגלו.

Words meanings summery:

• अगस्त्यः (agastyaḥ) - Agastya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, therefore

• विवदमानः (vivadamānaḥ) - arguing, disputing, debating

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• मुनिभिः (munibhiḥ) - with sages, by ascetics

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• वासव (vāsava) - O Indra (the listener, not Nahusha here) (O Vāsava)

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• माम् (mām) - me

• अस्पृशत् (aspṛśat) - he touched

• मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head, in the head

• पादेन (pādena) - by foot, with the foot

• अधर्मपीडितः (adharmapīḍitaḥ) - afflicted by unrighteousness (adharma) (afflicted by unrighteousness, oppressed by injustice)

Words meanings and morphology

अगस्त्यः (agastyaḥ) - Agastya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agastya

agastya - Agastya (name of a celebrated Vedic sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there, therefore

(indeclinable)

विवदमानः (vivadamānaḥ) - arguing, disputing, debating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vivadamāna

vivadamāna - arguing, disputing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from vi-√vad (to dispute)

Prefix: vi

Root: vad (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

मुनिभिः (munibhiḥ) - with sages, by ascetics

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, hermit

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

वासव (vāsava) - O Indra (the listener, not Nahusha here) (O Vāsava)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vāsava

vāsava - Indra, descendant of Vasu

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

अस्पृशत् (aspṛśat) - he touched

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of spṛś

Root: spṛś (class 6)

मूर्ध्नि (mūrdhni) - on the head, in the head

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top, summit

पादेन (pādena) - by foot, with the foot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāda

pāda - foot, leg, quarter (of a verse or unit)

अधर्मपीडितः (adharmapīḍitaḥ) - afflicted by unrighteousness (adharma) (afflicted by unrighteousness, oppressed by injustice)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adharmapīḍita

adharmapīḍita - afflicted by unrighteousness

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adharma+pīḍita)

• adharma – unrighteousness, injustice, non-natural law
  noun (masculine)
• pīḍita – afflicted, distressed, oppressed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √pīḍ (to oppress, to torment)
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

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