महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-17, verse-8

श्रमार्तास्तु वहन्तस्तं नहुषं पापकारिणम् ।
देवर्षयो महाभागास्तथा ब्रह्मर्षयोऽमलाः ।
पप्रच्छुः संशयं देव नहुषं जयतां वर ॥८॥

8. śramārtāstu vahantastaṁ nahuṣaṁ pāpakāriṇam ,
devarṣayo mahābhāgāstathā brahmarṣayo'malāḥ ,
papracchuḥ saṁśayaṁ deva nahuṣaṁ jayatāṁ vara.

8. śramārtāḥ tu vahantaḥ tam nahuṣam
pāpakāriṇam devarṣayaḥ mahābhāgāḥ
tathā brahmarṣayaḥ amalāḥ papracchuḥ
saṃśayam deva nahuṣam jayatām vara

8. However, the highly revered divine sages and the pure brahmin sages, who were tormented by fatigue while carrying that sinful Nahuṣa, questioned him. O lord (deva), O best among conquerors!

Words meanings summery:

• श्रमार्ताः (śramārtāḥ) - tormented by fatigue, exhausted by effort

• तु (tu) - but, however

• वहन्तः (vahantaḥ) - carrying, bearing

• तम् (tam) - that (Nahuṣa) (him, that)

• नहुषम् (nahuṣam) - King Nahuṣa (Nahuṣa)

• पापकारिणम् (pāpakāriṇam) - doer of sin, sinful

• देवर्षयः (devarṣayaḥ) - divine sages

• महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - highly revered, great-souled

• तथा (tathā) - and, likewise

• ब्रह्मर्षयः (brahmarṣayaḥ) - Brahmin sages

• अमलाः (amalāḥ) - pure, spotless

• पप्रच्छुः (papracchuḥ) - they asked, they questioned

• संशयम् (saṁśayam) - doubt, question

• देव (deva) - O Indra (addressed by Agastya) (O god, O lord)

• नहुषम् (nahuṣam) - King Nahuṣa (object of the sages' questioning) (Nahuṣa)

• जयताम् (jayatām) - among the victorious ones (of those who conquer, among conquerors)

• वर (vara) - O best (among conquerors), addressed to Indra (O best one, O excellent one)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रमार्ताः (śramārtāḥ) - tormented by fatigue, exhausted by effort

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śramārta

śramārta - afflicted by fatigue, exhausted, weary

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śrama+ārta)

• śrama – effort, toil, fatigue, labor
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śram (class 4)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Modifies devarṣayaḥ and brahmarṣayaḥ

तु (tu) - but, however

(indeclinable)

वहन्तः (vahantaḥ) - carrying, bearing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vahat

vahat - carrying, bearing, conveying

Present Active Participle

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Modifies devarṣayaḥ and brahmarṣayaḥ

तम् (tam) - that (Nahuṣa) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Nahuṣam

नहुषम् (nahuṣam) - King Nahuṣa (Nahuṣa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahuṣa (name of a legendary king)

Note: Object of 'vahantaḥ' and 'papracchuḥ'

पापकारिणम् (pāpakāriṇam) - doer of sin, sinful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pāpakārin

pāpakārin - doer of evil, sinful, wicked

Agent noun from pāpa + kṛ

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+kārin)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked
  noun (neuter)
• kārin – doing, making, causing, doer
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Modifies Nahuṣam

देवर्षयः (devarṣayaḥ) - divine sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devarṣi

devarṣi - divine sage (a class of sages like Nārada)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (deva+ṛṣi)

• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

महाभागाः (mahābhāgāḥ) - highly revered, great-souled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - highly esteemed, great-souled, illustrious, fortunate

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bhāga)

• mahā – great, large, extensive
  adjective (masculine)
• bhāga – share, portion, dignity, fortune
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Modifies devarṣayaḥ and brahmarṣayaḥ

तथा (tathā) - and, likewise

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मर्षयः (brahmarṣayaḥ) - Brahmin sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brahmarṣi

brahmarṣi - Brahmin sage (a sage belonging to the Brahmin class)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (brahman+ṛṣi)

• brahman – Brahmin, sacred knowledge, supreme reality (brahman)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

अमलाः (amalāḥ) - pure, spotless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of amala

amala - pure, spotless, unstained, clean

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mala)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• mala – dirt, impurity, stain
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies devarṣayaḥ and brahmarṣayaḥ

पप्रच्छुः (papracchuḥ) - they asked, they questioned

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of prach

Perfect tense form

Root: prach (class 6)

संशयम् (saṁśayam) - doubt, question

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, question, uncertainty

Root: śī (class 2)

देव (deva) - O Indra (addressed by Agastya) (O god, O lord)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, lord

नहुषम् (nahuṣam) - King Nahuṣa (object of the sages' questioning) (Nahuṣa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nahuṣa

nahuṣa - Nahuṣa (name of a legendary king)

Note: Object of 'papracchuḥ'

जयताम् (jayatām) - among the victorious ones (of those who conquer, among conquerors)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jayat

jayat - conquering, victorious

Present Active Participle

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Used here in a partitive sense with 'vara'

वर (vara) - O best (among conquerors), addressed to Indra (O best one, O excellent one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, boon, choice

Root: vṛ (class 1)