महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-17, verse-10

ऋषय ऊचुः ।
अधर्मे संप्रवृत्तस्त्वं धर्मं न प्रतिपद्यसे ।
प्रमाणमेतदस्माकं पूर्वं प्रोक्तं महर्षिभिः ॥१०॥

10. ṛṣaya ūcuḥ ,
adharme saṁpravṛttastvaṁ dharmaṁ na pratipadyase ,
pramāṇametadasmākaṁ pūrvaṁ proktaṁ maharṣibhiḥ.

10. ṛṣayaḥ ūcuḥ adharme sampravṛttaḥ tvam dharmam na pratipadyase
pramāṇam etat asmākam pūrvam proktam maharṣibhiḥ

10. The sages said: 'You are immersed in unrighteousness (adharma) and do not recognize natural law (dharma). This is an authority (pramāṇa) for us, having been declared previously by the great sages'.

Words meanings summery:

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - said, spoke

• अधर्मे (adharme) - in unrighteousness (adharma) (in unrighteousness, in injustice, in violation of natural law)

• सम्प्रवृत्तः (sampravṛttaḥ) - engaged, devoted, begun, turned towards

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

• न (na) - not

• प्रतिपद्यसे (pratipadyase) - you recognize, you attain, you understand

• प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - authority (pramāṇa) (authority, evidence, standard)

• एतत् (etat) - this

• अस्माकम् (asmākam) - for us, our

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

• प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - declared, spoken, uttered

• महर्षिभिः (maharṣibhiḥ) - by great sages

Words meanings and morphology

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अधर्मे (adharme) - in unrighteousness (adharma) (in unrighteousness, in injustice, in violation of natural law)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, vice, non-natural law

सम्प्रवृत्तः (sampravṛttaḥ) - engaged, devoted, begun, turned towards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sampravṛtta

sampravṛtta - engaged in, begun, active

Past Passive Participle

Derived from sam-pra-√vṛt (to turn, to engage)

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religious merit

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

प्रतिपद्यसे (pratipadyase) - you recognize, you attain, you understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pratipad

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

प्रमाणम् (pramāṇam) - authority (pramāṇa) (authority, evidence, standard)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pramāṇa

pramāṇa - authority, proof, evidence, measure, standard

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, these

अस्माकम् (asmākam) - for us, our

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - declared, spoken, uttered

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prokta

prokta - spoken, declared, said

Past Passive Participle

Derived from pra-√vac (to speak)

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

महर्षिभिः (maharṣibhiḥ) - by great sages

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, great seer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)