महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-169, verse-17

लोकस्तद्वेद यदहं पितुः प्रियचिकीर्षया ।
प्राप्तं राज्यं परित्यज्य ब्रह्मचर्ये धृतव्रतः ॥१७॥

17. lokastadveda yadahaṁ pituḥ priyacikīrṣayā ,
prāptaṁ rājyaṁ parityajya brahmacarye dhṛtavrataḥ.

17. lokaḥ tat veda yat aham pituḥ priyacikīrṣayā
prāptam rājyam parityajya brahmacarye dhṛtavrataḥ

17. lokaḥ tat veda yat aham pituḥ priyacikīrṣayā prāptam rājyam parityajya brahmacarye dhṛtavrataḥ (āsīt).

17. The world knows that, out of a desire to please my father, I abandoned the kingdom (rājya) I had obtained and maintained a vow of celibacy (brahmacarya).

Words meanings summery:

• लोकः (lokaḥ) - the world, people

• तत् (tat) - that

• वेद (veda) - knows

• यत् (yat) - that, because

• अहम् (aham) - I

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father, my father's

• प्रियचिकीर्षया (priyacikīrṣayā) - out of a desire to please, by wishing to do good

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained, received

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, after forsaking

• ब्रह्मचर्ये (brahmacarye) - in celibacy, in the state of a student

• धृतव्रतः (dhṛtavrataḥ) - one who has undertaken a vow, held a vow

Words meanings and morphology

लोकः (lokaḥ) - the world, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, community, space

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वेद (veda) - knows

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

यत् (yat) - that, because

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father, my father's

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

प्रियचिकीर्षया (priyacikīrṣayā) - out of a desire to please, by wishing to do good

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of priyacikīrṣā

priyacikīrṣā - desire to do what is pleasing or good, desire to please

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+cikīrṣā)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasing
  adjective (masculine)
• cikīrṣā – desire to do, wish to act
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun
  Derived from desiderative stem of root kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - obtained, received

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, gained, reached, acquired

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root āp with prefix pra and suffix -ta (kta)

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty, dominion

परित्यज्य (parityajya) - having abandoned, after forsaking

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root tyaj with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

ब्रह्मचर्ये (brahmacarye) - in celibacy, in the state of a student

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - celibacy, chastity; the state of a religious student (brahmacarya)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+carya)

• brahman – Brahman, sacred knowledge, Veda
  noun (neuter)
• carya – conduct, observance, practice
  noun (neuter)

धृतव्रतः (dhṛtavrataḥ) - one who has undertaken a vow, held a vow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtavrata

dhṛtavrata - one who has taken a vow, firm in a vow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+vrata)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained, undertaken
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛ with suffix -ta (kta)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice
  noun (neuter)