महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-169, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
रोचमानो महाराज पाण्डवानां महारथः ।
योत्स्यतेऽमरवत्संख्ये परसैन्येषु भारत ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
rocamāno mahārāja pāṇḍavānāṁ mahārathaḥ ,
yotsyate'maravatsaṁkhye parasainyeṣu bhārata.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca rocamānaḥ mahārāja pāṇḍavānām mahārathaḥ
yotsyate amaravat saṃkhye parasainyeṣu bhārata

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca mahārāja pāṇḍavānām rocamānaḥ mahārathaḥ amaravat saṃkhye parasainyeṣu yotsyate,
bhārata

1. Bhīṣma said: O great king, the illustrious great chariot-warrior of the Pāṇḍavas will fight in battle among the enemy forces like an immortal, O Bhārata.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (Bhīṣma (a proper name, son of Śāntanu))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• रोचमानः (rocamānaḥ) - illustrious (shining, splendid, illustrious, appearing good)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior (great chariot-warrior, a warrior who can fight many chariots)

• योत्स्यते (yotsyate) - will fight

• अमरवत् (amaravat) - like an immortal (like a god, like an immortal)

• संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in enumeration)

• परसैन्येषु (parasainyeṣu) - among the enemy forces (among enemy armies, in hostile camps)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata (epithet for kings like Dhṛtarāṣṭra))

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma (Bhīṣma (a proper name, son of Śāntanu))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (name of a prominent character in the Mahābhārata), terrible, formidable

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense

Root vac, perfect (liṭ), 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

रोचमानः (rocamānaḥ) - illustrious (shining, splendid, illustrious, appearing good)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rocamāna

rocamāna - shining, splendid, illustrious, pleasing, appearing good

Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

From root ruc (to shine, to please) with śānac suffix.

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'mahārathaḥ'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Here addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

पाण्डवानाम् (pāṇḍavānām) - of the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, a Pāṇḍava

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior (great chariot-warrior, a warrior who can fight many chariots)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great chariot-warrior, a commander of many chariots

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to a prominent warrior among the Pāṇḍavas, likely Arjuna.

योत्स्यते (yotsyate) - will fight

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of yudh

Future Tense

Root yudh, future stem yotsya, 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Root: yudh (class 4)

अमरवत् (amaravat) - like an immortal (like a god, like an immortal)

(indeclinable)

From amara (immortal) with suffix vat (like, as)

संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in enumeration)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkhya

saṁkhya - battle, encounter, enumeration, number

Note: Locative case indicating 'where' the action occurs.

परसैन्येषु (parasainyeṣu) - among the enemy forces (among enemy armies, in hostile camps)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of parasainya

parasainya - enemy army, hostile forces

Compound type : tatpurusha (para+sainya)

• para – other, enemy, hostile
  adjective
• sainya – army, host, military
  noun (neuter)
  From senā (army) with suffix ya

Note: Locative case indicating 'where' the action occurs, specifically 'among'.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata (epithet for kings like Dhṛtarāṣṭra))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a warrior (often used as an epithet)

Patronymic from Bharata

Note: Common epithet, here addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.