महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-118, verse-22

सर्वे ते ह्यावृतज्ञाना नाभ्यजानन्त तं नृपम् ।
स मुहूर्तादथ नृपो हतौजा अभवत्तदा ॥२२॥

22. sarve te hyāvṛtajñānā nābhyajānanta taṁ nṛpam ,
sa muhūrtādatha nṛpo hataujā abhavattadā.

22. sarve te hi āvṛtajñānāḥ na abhyajānanta tam nṛpam
sa muhūrtāt atha nṛpaḥ hataojas abhavat tadā

22. Indeed, all of them had their knowledge obscured and therefore did not recognize that king. Then, after a moment, the king became deprived of his splendor and power.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (the guards and attendants) (all, every)

• ते (te) - they (the guards and attendants) (they, those)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• आवृतज्ञानाः (āvṛtajñānāḥ) - having obscured knowledge, whose knowledge is covered

• न (na) - not, no

• अभिजानन्त (abhijānanta) - they recognized (the king) (they recognized)

• तम् (tam) - that king (that, him)

• नृपम् (nṛpam) - King Yayāti (king, ruler)

• स (sa) - he (the king) (he)

• मुहूर्तात् (muhūrtāt) - after a moment (after a moment, from a moment)

• अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Yayāti (king, ruler)

• हतओजस् (hataojas) - deprived of splendor/power, whose vigor is lost

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, he was

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वे (sarve) - all of them (the guards and attendants) (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

ते (te) - they (the guards and attendants) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

आवृतज्ञानाः (āvṛtajñānāḥ) - having obscured knowledge, whose knowledge is covered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āvṛtajñāna

āvṛtajñāna - having obscured knowledge, whose knowledge is covered

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'āvṛta' (covered, obscured) + 'jñāna' (knowledge).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āvṛta+jñāna)

• āvṛta – covered, veiled, obscured, surrounded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'vṛ' (to cover) with upasarga 'ā' and suffix 'kta'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, cognition
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'te' (the guards and attendants).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Nullifies the verb 'abhijānanta'.

अभिजानन्त (abhijānanta) - they recognized (the king) (they recognized)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhijñā

Imperfect Tense, 3rd Person Plural

Root 'jñā' (class 9) with upasarga 'abhi', Imperfect Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd plural

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Preceded by 'na' to mean 'did not recognize'.

तम् (tam) - that king (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'abhijānanta'.

नृपम् (nṛpam) - King Yayāti (king, ruler)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pa' (protector).

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from root 'pā'
  Derived from root 'pā' (to protect) with suffix 'ḍa'
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Refers to King Yayāti.

स (sa) - he (the king) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king.

मुहूर्तात् (muhūrtāt) - after a moment (after a moment, from a moment)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, a short time, a division of time (48 minutes)

Note: Indicates separation or 'after'.

अथ (atha) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the previous action with the next.

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Yayāti (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

Compound of 'nṛ' (man) and 'pa' (protector).

Compound type : genitive tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun from root 'pā'
  Derived from root 'pā' (to protect) with suffix 'ḍa'
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Refers to Yayāti.

हतओजस् (hataojas) - deprived of splendor/power, whose vigor is lost

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hataojas

hataojas - deprived of vigor/power/splendor, whose strength is lost

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'hata' (lost, destroyed) + 'ojas' (vigor, power, splendor).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+ojas)

• hata – struck, killed, destroyed, lost
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with suffix 'kta'
  Root: han (class 2)
• ojas – vigor, strength, power, energy, splendor
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'nṛpaḥ'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Root 'bhū' (class 1), Imperfect Tense, Parasmaipada, 3rd singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)