महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-118, verse-12

ययातिरपि पूर्वेषां राज्ञां वृत्तमनुष्ठितः ।
बहुवर्षसहस्रायुरयुजत्कालधर्मणा ॥१२॥

12. yayātirapi pūrveṣāṁ rājñāṁ vṛttamanuṣṭhitaḥ ,
bahuvarṣasahasrāyurayujatkāladharmaṇā.

12. yayātiḥ api pūrveṣām rājñām vṛttam anuṣṭhitaḥ
bahuvarṣasahasrāyuḥ ayujat kāladharmaṇā

12. King Yayāti also, having followed the conduct of earlier kings, lived for many thousands of years, and then passed away in accordance with the natural law (dharma) of time.

Words meanings summery:

• ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - King Yayāti (Yayāti (a king's name))

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of earlier (of the former, of the earlier, of the previous)

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

• वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct (conduct, behavior, occurrence, event)

• अनुष्ठितः (anuṣṭhitaḥ) - having followed (followed, performed, practiced, executed)

• बहुवर्षसहस्रायुः (bahuvarṣasahasrāyuḥ) - having an age of many thousands of years, very long-lived

• अयुजत् (ayujat) - he passed away (he joined, he applied, he engaged, he passed away)

• कालधर्मणा (kāladharmaṇā) - in accordance with the natural law (dharma) of time (by the natural law of time, by death)

Words meanings and morphology

ययातिः (yayātiḥ) - King Yayāti (Yayāti (a king's name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - Yayāti (name of a legendary king)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

पूर्वेषाम् (pūrveṣām) - of earlier (of the former, of the earlier, of the previous)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, earlier, prior, eastern

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

Root: rāj (class 1)

वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - conduct (conduct, behavior, occurrence, event)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - conduct, behavior, event, story, circular

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛt (to be, exist, turn)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अनुष्ठितः (anuṣṭhitaḥ) - having followed (followed, performed, practiced, executed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuṣṭhita

anuṣṭhita - followed, performed, practiced, executed, established

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: sthā (class 1)

बहुवर्षसहस्रायुः (bahuvarṣasahasrāyuḥ) - having an age of many thousands of years, very long-lived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bahuvarṣasahasrāyu

bahuvarṣasahasrāyu - having an age of many thousands of years

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bahu+varṣa+sahasra+āyu)

• bahu – many, much
  adjective (masculine)
• varṣa – year
  noun (neuter)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)
• āyu – life, age, duration of life
  noun (neuter)

अयुजत् (ayujat) - he passed away (he joined, he applied, he engaged, he passed away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (luṅ) of yuj

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Here, in conjunction with kāladharmaṇā, it means 'he passed away' or 'he conformed to the law of time (death).'

कालधर्मणा (kāladharmaṇā) - in accordance with the natural law (dharma) of time (by the natural law of time, by death)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kāladharma

kāladharma - natural law of time, destiny, death, the course of events according to time

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kāla+dharma)

• kāla – time, destiny, death
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)