महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-112, verse-9

तथा तौ कथयन्तौ च चिन्तयन्तौ च यत्क्षमम् ।
प्रतिष्ठाने नरपतिं ययातिं प्रत्युपस्थितौ ॥९॥

9. tathā tau kathayantau ca cintayantau ca yatkṣamam ,
pratiṣṭhāne narapatiṁ yayātiṁ pratyupasthitau.

9. tathā tau kathayantau ca cintayantau ca yat kṣamam
pratiṣṭhāne narapatim yayātim prati upasthitau

9. Thus, while conversing and contemplating what was appropriate, those two presented themselves before King Yayāti in (the city of) Pratiṣṭhāna.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• तौ (tau) - Refers to Aruna and Garuda in the context of the Mahabharata narrative. (those two, they two)

• कथयन्तौ (kathayantau) - speaking, narrating, conversing

• च (ca) - and, also

• चिन्तयन्तौ (cintayantau) - thinking, pondering, considering

• च (ca) - and, also

• यत् (yat) - what, which, that

• क्षमम् (kṣamam) - appropriate, proper, fit, capable

• प्रतिष्ठाने (pratiṣṭhāne) - In the city of Pratiṣṭhāna. (in Pratiṣṭhāna (a city), in the capital, in a foundation)

• नरपतिम् (narapatim) - Refers to King Yayāti. (the king, lord of men)

• ययातिम् (yayātim) - Yayāti (proper name)

• प्रति (prati) - As a prefix to the verb 'upasthitau'. (towards, to, against)

• उपस्थितौ (upasthitau) - approached, stood near, presented themselves

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - Refers to Aruna and Garuda in the context of the Mahabharata narrative. (those two, they two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कथयन्तौ (kathayantau) - speaking, narrating, conversing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of kathayat

kathayat - speaking, narrating

Present Active Participle

Derived from root kath (to tell, to speak).

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agreement with 'tau'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

चिन्तयन्तौ (cintayantau) - thinking, pondering, considering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of cintayat

cintayat - thinking, pondering

Present Active Participle

Derived from root cint (to think).

Root: cint (class 10)

Note: Agreement with 'tau'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'speaking' and 'thinking'.

यत् (yat) - what, which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Acts as the subject of the clause 'yat kṣamam'.

क्षमम् (kṣamam) - appropriate, proper, fit, capable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣama

kṣama - appropriate, proper, fit, capable, patient

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Predicate of 'yat'.

प्रतिष्ठाने (pratiṣṭhāne) - In the city of Pratiṣṭhāna. (in Pratiṣṭhāna (a city), in the capital, in a foundation)

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pratiṣṭhāna

pratiṣṭhāna - capital city, establishment, foundation, a famous city

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Locative case indicating location.

नरपतिम् (narapatim) - Refers to King Yayāti. (the king, lord of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narapati

narapati - king, lord of men

Compound of nara (man) and pati (lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+pati)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'pratyupasthitau'.

ययातिम् (yayātim) - Yayāti (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - name of an ancient king, son of Nahuṣa

Note: Object of 'pratyupasthitau', in apposition to 'narapatim'.

प्रति (prati) - As a prefix to the verb 'upasthitau'. (towards, to, against)

(indeclinable)

उपस्थितौ (upasthitau) - approached, stood near, presented themselves

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of upasthita

upasthita - approached, stood near, presented, ready

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefix upa. Here, used as a finite verb in dual.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Past Passive Participle used as a finite verb, agreeing with the dual subject 'tau'.