महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-112, verse-12

सोऽयं तेनाभ्यनुज्ञात उपकारेप्सया द्विजः ।
तमाह भगवान्कां ते ददानि गुरुदक्षिणाम् ॥१२॥

12. so'yaṁ tenābhyanujñāta upakārepsayā dvijaḥ ,
tamāha bhagavānkāṁ te dadāni gurudakṣiṇām.

12. saḥ ayam tena abhyanujñātaḥ upakārepsayā dvijaḥ
tam āha bhagavān kām te dadāni gurudakṣiṇām

12. Having been permitted by his guru (Viśvāmitra) and desiring to render service, this twice-born (dvija) Gālava then said to him, 'O revered one, what guru's fee shall I give to you?'

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• अयम् (ayam) - this, he

• तेन (tena) - by Viśvāmitra (by him, by that)

• अभ्यनुज्ञातः (abhyanujñātaḥ) - permitted, allowed, granted leave

• उपकारेप्सया (upakārepsayā) - by the desire to render service, wishing to help

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Gālava (a Brahmin disciple) (twice-born)

• तम् (tam) - to Viśvāmitra (to him, that)

• आह (āha) - said

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - Viśvāmitra (addressed by Gālava) (revered one, lord)

• काम् (kām) - what, which

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• ददानि (dadāni) - shall I give

• गुरुदक्षिणाम् (gurudakṣiṇām) - guru's fee, teacher's fee

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अयम् (ayam) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

तेन (tena) - by Viśvāmitra (by him, by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभ्यनुज्ञातः (abhyanujñātaḥ) - permitted, allowed, granted leave

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyanujñāta

abhyanujñāta - permitted, allowed, granted leave

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jñā (to know) with upasargas abhi and anu.

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

उपकारेप्सया (upakārepsayā) - by the desire to render service, wishing to help

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of upakārepsā

upakārepsā - desire to render service, wish to help

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - Gālava (a Brahmin disciple) (twice-born)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - a brahmin, a bird, a tooth (lit. twice-born)

तम् (tam) - to Viśvāmitra (to him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आह (āha) - said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (liṭ) of āha

Root: brū/vac (class 2)

भगवान् (bhagavān) - Viśvāmitra (addressed by Gālava) (revered one, lord)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - fortunate, venerable, divine

Note: Used here as a vocative.

काम् (kām) - what, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Also serves as genitive.

ददानि (dadāni) - shall I give

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, Imperative (loṭ) of dā

Root: dā (class 3)

गुरुदक्षिणाम् (gurudakṣiṇām) - guru's fee, teacher's fee

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gurudakṣiṇā

gurudakṣiṇā - teacher's fee, offering to the guru

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+dakṣiṇā)

• guru – teacher, preceptor
  noun (masculine)
• dakṣiṇā – gift, fee, offering
  noun (feminine)